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美国基金做空中国自吞苦果 年内累计亏损已达80%

2017-09-25 16:40:36   参考消息

她表示:“虽然仍有流出,但如果流出量低于市场预期,汇率就可能走高。”

此外,中国央行通过出售美元来直接支持人民币的操作并未完全停止。尽管整体外汇储备上升,但这些上升在很大程度上源自汇率和资产价格变动所产生的估值效应。

更重要的是,中国央行还找到了一些方法,既可以抑制做空人民币的行动,又不需要动用宝贵的外汇储备。上月,央行宣布微调人民币中间价定价模型。

在定价公式中纳入“逆周期调节因子”,本质上使中国央行有更大自由裁量权引导人民币汇率朝某个方向移动。

中国社科院世界经济与政治研究所国际金融室副主任肖立晟说:“逆周期调节因子发出了有关中国央行意图的强烈信号。市场预期急剧转变。突然之间,所有那些囤积美元款项的出口商认为,是时候把美元兑换成人民币了。”

中国央行还采取行动,对香港离岸人民币市场上的境外投机者进行惩罚。中国央行通过国有银行操作,一再挤压离岸人民币流动性,以推高货币市场利率,从而提高做空的成本。

欧洲某大型对冲基金一位负责押注中国利率和汇率走势的基金经理表示:“那些宏观对冲基金都持有巨大空头头寸,而它们在亏钱。”

也许人民币近期强势的最大原因是美元相对于全球货币的疲软。随着“特朗普交易”(基于对减税和涉及基础设施的刺激措施的预期)失去后劲,美元已回吐了美国大选后的升幅。

不过,相比其他新兴市场货币,今年以来人民币对美元汇率的升幅要小一些。其结果是,2017年迄今,人民币相对于贸易加权的一篮子货币实际上走低了。

中国央行曾在2015年12月表示,其目标是使人民币相对于这个货币篮子保持大致稳定,但在实践中,央行维持这种稳定的措施力度并不一致。

瑞银的汪涛表示:“如果中国央行真的跟着一篮子货币走,那么人民币相对于美元的升值幅度应该更大一些。所以我认为最近的变动在一定程度上是一种追赶。”

最终而言,中国央行的精明操作可能只是让不可避免的事推迟发生。路透社在5月下旬对外汇分析师所作的调查显示,平均而言,市场仍预期未来12个月间人民币对美元汇率将下降至1美元兑7.05元人民币左右。

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