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“套路贷”钻了监管和刑事打击的空子

2017-09-13 07:31:22   中国经济网

上海高院此次公布四个案例的重要意义也是在此。

“刑事诉讼要打破骗子们假借民事纠纷行骗的黄粱美梦,一方面通过刑事审判打击犯罪分子,形成震慑,另一方面也教育普通民众,让老百姓通过案例学会自我保护。”徐卫平说。

三是预防难。

引诱受害人贷款,通过很多手段有意让受害人违约,再去法院起诉被害人还款。流程上披着“合法外衣”,怎么去预防是一个问题。

四是追赃难。

五是定性难。

这主要涉及共同犯罪的处理问题,比如说起意者、策划者、组织者,是共同犯罪中的主犯,但是其他一些协助者,比如负责跟受害人谈判的小额贷款公司,以及小额贷款公司维护平台运营的工作人员,财务人员等,可否按照共同犯罪处理,如何处理?

此次上海高院公布的案例之一,将协助犯罪行为人的律师定罪为诈骗罪。

徐卫平说,律师也是人,也可能在巨大利益的诱惑下误入歧途。犯罪分子想要通过合法形式实施非法行为,肯定需要律师事先订立相关合同、办理公证手续,事后通过民事起诉、强制执行等诉讼程序套取被害人的钱款、房产。犯罪分子取得了专业法律人员的帮助,其破坏性更大,因此对于此类律师界的“害群之马”,国家处理一个,我们律师拍手称快一个。

对于普通民众,徐卫平律师认为可以做到的是“不轻信,不放弃”,犯罪分子虽然骗术手段层出不穷,只要老百姓不贪小利不上当,那么再高的骗术也无用武之地,而且被骗后坚持报案,那么司法机关对诈骗犯罪的打击效果就会更好。

预防应放在前端

徐卫平律师认为,老百姓在借款时,特别应该注意以下三点:“第一,务必向有相应金融资质的公司借款,借款前可上工商局的网站查询公司信用状况。第二,务必保存相关证据,比如借款协议原件、对方身份账户信息复印件、转账凭证等。第三,万万不能轻信口头承诺,对方承诺的事,要落在书面,写在借款协议中。还有最最重要的就是遇到要求你虚签借款金额的,绝不能继续合作,更不能轻信对方进行虚签。”

滕立章律师认为,对于“套路贷”诈骗的治理重点应该放在前端。

“套路贷案件多发,最主要的原因就是对于相关贷款机构缺乏必要的严格监管。对民间借贷尤其是各类经营性的贷款公司,不能比照其他一般性公司,其监管手段应该更为严格,监管的范围应当涵盖日常的具体业务内容,对于违规的处罚也应当更为严厉。”滕立章说。

彭新林也指出,应从防范角度入手,减少“套路贷”发生的可能性。

“工商,银行等监管部门应履行监管职责。搞套路贷的小额贷款公司有着犯罪的目的,资金可能会有异动,工商部门有行业监管的职责,银行部门发现资金反复有异动,也可以进行监管,这些部门有可能在监管过程中发现违法犯罪的线索,发现违法后也可自行处理,比如工商部门可将公司注销。”彭新林说。

此外,“对于“套路贷”有必要及时出台相关司法解释,比如对它的定性、量刑,证据的收集等方面作出明确。”彭新林建议,此类案件有一定的特殊性,出台相关的司法解释将会使公安机关的立案、审查、起诉,法院的量刑更有据可循,对打击此类型案件起到促进作用。

在司法方面,建立专业化的犯罪案件办理机制,比如法院、检察院设立专业化的办案组,培养通晓金融知识的专业人才。

彭新林说,总之,应该综合治理,多管齐下,标本兼治。刑事打击只是一个方面,提高自身的防范和法律意识才是最基本的,银行等相关机构也应加强宣传教育。

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