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消费金融助力股份制银行“超车”

2017-09-12 08:02:24   中国经济网

华创证券分析师认为,信用卡业务相较经营性贷款,收益率没有明显劣势而风险更低,是近年来快速发展的优质业务。股份行在这方面相较城商行、农商行占比明显要高很多,主要原因包括:股份行在核心城市布局广泛,营销能力与客户基础更好;信用卡业务具有规模效益,发卡量盈亏平衡点较高,相比之下,小型银行缺乏经济性。

“消费金融快速发展的一个原因是随着新一代年轻人成长起来,消费信贷市场空间巨大,此外伴随中国征信体系不断完善,贷款风险整体可控。”某大型股份制银行零售负责人表示:“在互联网技术的助推下,能够有效控制运营成本,以前我们做一单五千块钱的消费贷款,背后的成本要远远超过收益。现在通过大数据支撑,至少是风控识别和管控上做了很多工作。”

金融科技打造零售银行“4.0时代”

虽然个贷占比位次出现“挪移”,但从零售业务整体贡献度来看,中小行收入和利润贡献仍偏低,四大行和少数股份行仍占据优势。

根据2016年年报,从零售业务收入的占比来看,国有四大行及招行、民生、中信、平安、光大占比均超过30%。而其他银行的收入占比相对较低,大部分在20%以下。从零售业务的利润贡献率看,四大行2016年零售利润贡献率相应较高,平均达到34.8%。

华创证券分析师指出,几乎所有已公布中报的股份行不约而同的将“金融科技”作为零售业务的核心推动力,希望通过边际成本低、客户体验好、覆盖面广泛的(移动)互联网入口来解决零售的获客高成本问题,通过大数据、云计算、人工智能等来解决零售风控的高成本问题。

从发展空间及我国金融市场的发展趋势来看,中小银行也因其更全面的理财产品和更贴心的客户服务,逐渐赢得消费者的信赖,互联网工具的普及更有利于中小银行快速、低成本的弥补网点渠道的劣势,与大行的差距在逐步缩小,市场份额稳步提升。金融科技的快速发展使得“弯道超车”在当下变成了可能,客户使用场景的日益线上化使得竞争发生了维度上的变化,银行的资金端、客户端的优势与互联网渠道力量的结合有可能创造新的竞争格局。

麦肯锡今年在“关于中国银行业转型与创新系列白皮书”中提到,2016年开始,随着利率市场化、对公不良信贷激增和互联网金融的崛起,零售银行正在全面迈入由全渠道银行、区块链、大数据和物联网为基础的数字化银行,即进入零售银行“4.0时代”,集约化、智能化、数字化成为零售银行新趋势。场景化批量获客模式帮助零售银行实现客户的规模化增长,智能化、精细化的大数据技术带来新的客户深度经营和风险控制,数字化和金融科技打造全新客户体验,新电子账户体系助力零售银行推动数字化和全渠道战略。

董希淼指出,在新的竞争格局下,四大行在零售方面传统优势仍然难以撼动,竞争会更多在股份行之中展开,脱颖而出的主要因素包括零售战略整体规划、资源投入程度、金融科技等手段的运用。

(原标题:消费金融助力股份制银行“超车” 金融科技重塑银行业零售格局)

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