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动力煤4个月涨25%8家上市煤企盯期市

2017-09-11 08:02:39   新华网

现货企业运用期货规避风险

近几年煤炭价格波动巨大,从2013年年底到2016年年初,动力煤期货连续下跌2年多,但是自2016年1月份触底之后,在不到一年的时间里,动力煤价格在2016年11月份就回到2013年的水平。价格的大幅波动给企业经营带来巨大的风险。瑞茂通供应链管理股份有限公司副总裁曹诗雄在论坛上表示,原材料价格波动,在经营中的比重占到60%;另外需要关注国内国际宏观经济和国家产业政策的调整。

据曹诗雄介绍,瑞茂通在2013年年底,动力煤期货上市伊始,就开始准备套保。通过期货,瑞茂通又衍生出许多新的贸易模式,如指数套利、非交割品的保值等。现在已经充分利用动力煤期货作为定价依据,管理价格波动风险。

他举出多个瑞茂通参与期货进行价格风险转移的案例。其中在2015年年底,动力煤期货价格跌破300元/吨,当时现货价格在350元/吨左右,市场跌势明显放缓。公司认为现货已经跌无可跌,与其350元/吨的价格去大量采购现货,不如在期货市场逐步建立多单。历时两个月,该公司在1605合约上以305元/吨的均价,建立了X万吨虚拟库存。到2016年3月下旬,动力煤现货价格涨至380元/吨,现货团队在市场上采购销售,期货则以355元/吨的价格平仓,平均每吨获利50元。

像瑞茂通一样,运用期货市场经营的现货煤炭企业不在少数。郑州商品交易所相关人士介绍,在2016年度,中国企业500强中的23家动力煤生产、贸易以及下游电力企业集团中,参与动力煤期货的有13家,占比57%。在A股上市的32家煤炭生产企业中,有8家已经或已准备参与动力煤期货。动力煤期货发现价格,为企业提供套期保值平台的市场功能得到了行业和企业的广泛认可。郑商所相关人士表示,为进一步推动动力煤等期货品种功能发挥,下一步,郑商所将主要从四个方面开展工作,以切实提高现货企业运用期货工具的能力:

一是对动力煤合约规则进行梳理;二是积极推动场外期权等创新业务;三是深化与行业协会、产业链重点企业的合作;四是加强动力煤期货高级分析师的培养及合作。

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