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多数公募基金销售机构完成系统改造升级

2017-09-11 07:12:38   中国经济网

该总经理称,“以分级基金为例,即便是分级A,也需要提示并非保本保收益的产品,对一些条款复杂的分级A也要提示较大风险;针对迷你基金,不再仅仅从产品收益率和波动风险来说明风险,还要对投资者声明产品规模过小可能导致清盘风险,也可能导致基金管理人不用心经营等风险。”

他也坦言,公募基金适当性评价难点仍有很多:一是基金管理人和基金产品众多,目前市场有基金管理人120多家,有代码的基金产品有7000多只;二是新基金不断增加,新基金类型不断产生,基金产品设计也越来越复杂,跨界跨领域的越来越多,流动性管理越来越复杂;三是基金管理人数量日益增加,基金公司的股东结构、公司治理结构日益多元化;四是基金管理人内部的投研组织形式也日益多元化。

不过,他表示,公募基金的适当性管理是私募基金、券商资管的“标杆”,公募基金产品若划分清楚了,其他资管产品就可以相应地对标适用。

两套体系区分匹配相应投资者

销售适当性规定要求了解客户、对推荐的金融产品进行风险评估并向投资者披露、将金融产品与投资者匹配等,而对“普通、专业”两类投资者的划分,也衍生出不同的产品风险匹配版本。

具体到基金产品风险等级划分层面,沪上一家律所合伙人认为,中国基金业协会和中国证券业协会都按照产品风险等级由低到高排序分为R1、R2、R3、R4、R5等5个等级,但没有规定具体名录,只提出了参考性指标。这意味着允许不同销售机构对同一产品的风险评价存在差异,公募基金在实践中也可以把产品评价委托第三方,并对产品风险设置二级分类,细化产品风险级别。

上述北京第三方销售机构总裁称,该公司采用的产品风险评级是券商研究机构提供的评价体系,销售机构自己去作评价可能会有违规风险。

具体到产品与投资者匹配,上述北京券商基金研究中心总经理表示,针对普通投资者,原则上基金的初始定级与基金分类匹配,直接将基金简单划分为低、中低、中、中高、高(R1~R5)等5个风险等级,与客户风险去匹配;针对机构或少数高净值客户,每只基金在基础初始风险等级基础上,还会新增细致的二级风险等级划分、特定风险点揭示等内容,而且针对机构的个性化需求分类并不需要公开。

该总经理称,“根据我们的统计,目前中低风险、中风险(R2、R3)的产品数量占比分别为29.63%、56.02%,需要更加细致的二级分类与客户去匹配。另外,个别基金越来越复杂,份额结构多级、投资标的多元化、个别基金还具备一些短期性特征,例如今天是R2,明天是R4,我们会特别补充"特别风险点揭示"等,安排做好特殊产品与客户的匹配。”

对于不适当的投资者,上述沪上律所合伙人表示,新规虽然强调推介适当性,不允许推介错配,但在告知风险不匹配后投资者仍坚持购买的,管理人在确认投资人不属于最低能力投资者并给与特别警示后,也可以提供销售产品和服务。

“在实践中需要特别注意对风险承受能力最低类别投资者的保护,如高龄客户,他们的资金来源是养老储蓄,不能承受较大风险,投资习惯也以储蓄和银行理财为主,缺乏产品认知和风险识别能力,更容易受到销售人员误导等,销售机构对这些风险承受能力最低类别投资者要履行特殊保护义务。”上述律所合伙人称。

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