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月薪5000日子难熬 “奔私”者回流公募

2017-09-09 08:11:50   新华网

“奔私”的时候有多荣耀,清盘的时候就有多落魄,即便是A股指数日趋走好的当下,一些中小私募仍旧难逃宿命。

从2014年开始,一大批公募基金经理加入私募基金行列,那景象就如2007年牛市时一样,私募基金公司从原来的几百家,迅速膨胀到两万多家。如今,3年过去,清盘歇业的私募基金不在少数,其中包括不少曾经的明星公募基金经理创设的私募。

一位私募基金合伙人告诉中国证券报记者,近期《私募投资基金管理暂行条例(征求意见稿)》(以下简称《意见稿》)的下发将加速私募基金管理公司的分化,私募基金大洗牌已经开始。

 私募回归公募

晚上八点多,程晃(化名)准备下班,他就职的是上海某大型公募基金管理公司,入职不到3个月,加班是家常便饭。“不过心里还是舒坦,钱也多。”程晃对中国证券报记者坦率地说。

对于近期下发的《意见稿》,程晃认为私募基金的日子会比之前难过,尤其是规模小、尚未找到盈利模式的公司。“我及时离开是对的。”他直言。

6月,程晃还在一家小型私募公司市场部任职。那个月,他到手的工资不足5000元。程晃在私募干了不到3年,将近两年那家私募都是不赚钱的。“要持续稳定地赚钱很难,即使没有《意见稿》的约束,绝大多数管理规模10亿元以下的私募存活期都难以超过五年。”他说。

程晃算了一笔账:二级市场证券投资类私募基金收取的管理费为1%至2%,赎回费与开放式公募基金差不多,一年内赎回,费率为0.5%,以后依次递减。而私募比较特别的地方在于采取业绩回报分成做法,比例和计算方法按合同约定而定,比较流行的是按基金正收益部分二八分成(管理者提取“二”),年度计提一次。

从2016年起,程晃所在的私募就没有提取过业绩分成。以公司管理资产规模5亿元计算,一年计提2%的管理费为1000万元。而规模再小的私募基金也要有投资经理、合伙人、研究员,投资经理年薪最低50万元,加上房租、税费……三四个人的私募基金公司,一个月的运营成本要100多万元,一年1000万元的管理费根本无法覆盖成本。没有业绩提成,老板就得自己贴钱。

如果按照《意见稿》,私募基金应当向特定的合格投资者募集或者转让。而所谓的合格投资者是指具备相应风险识别能力和风险承担能力,投资于单只私募基金的金额不低于100万元且净资产不低于1000万元的单位,金融资产不低于300万元或者最近3年个人年均收入不低于50万元的个人。“私募基金不好卖,如果严格按照要求卖给合格投资人,就更难。”程晃说。以前管理不严时,小私募对“拼单”、“拆标”都是睁一只眼闭一只眼。

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