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白酒巨头三国杀:茅台独大 五粮液遭遇前后夹击

2017-09-07 22:21:51   中国经济网

然而,十年光景过去,一切都发生了翻天覆地的变化。

以2016年的年度业绩为例,茅台财报显示,2016年实现营业收入398.56亿元,归属于上市公司股东的净利润为166.5亿元;五粮液财报显示,2016年实现营业收入245.44亿元,归属于上市公司股东的净利润为67.85亿元;洋河股份财报显示,2016年实现营业收入171.93亿元;归属于上市公司股东的净利润为58.13亿元。

如果以2016年业绩来对比,在营业收入方面,五粮液比茅台少153.12亿元,相差38.42%;五粮液比洋河股份多73.51亿元,多42.76%。在利润方面,五粮液比茅台少98.65亿元,尚不及茅台的一半;五粮液比洋河股份多9.72亿元,多16.72%。

“无论从营业收入还有净利润来看,向上,茅台都一骑绝尘,五粮液难望其项背;向下,洋河股份步步紧逼,兵临城下,五粮液‘白酒二哥’的位置岌岌可危。”中研普华研究员覃崇对法治周末记者说。

“五粮液由于高端品牌发力不足,逐步被贵州茅台甩开,不能有效开发中低端市场,只能在中高档市场徘徊,而中高端市场参与的竞争者较多且激烈,导致企业销售业绩一直难以提振上去,影响了五粮液整体发展。”李辉说。

实际上,对于现状,五粮液的新掌舵人李曙光同样承认,五粮液当下正面临着“前有标兵,后有追兵”的局面,并宣布将要进行“二次创业”。

“20世纪80年代,五粮液开启了‘一次创业’,通过二十多年的努力,创造了令世人瞩目的‘五粮液现象’。”李曙光如是说,“但五粮液不能躺在功劳簿上,在‘前有标兵,后有追兵’的当下,五粮液必须以‘创业者’精神,重新上路,才能再铸辉煌。”

未来:茅台独大,一超多强

那么,白酒市场未来的竞争格局将会向怎样的方向行进?

“贵州茅台由于强大的品牌效应,与五粮液、洋河股份存在明显的实力差距,并开始逐步拉大与第二三名的差距,未来白酒行业极有可能发展为茅台一超多强的局面。”李辉判断。

实际上,对于贵州茅台的“火热”在近段时间的多个方面都可以窥见一斑。

东方财富网资料显示,自2016年9月以来,贵州茅台的股价一路高涨,由每股290元左右一路涨至490元左右,大有突破500元的架势。截至9月4日,贵州茅台总市值高达6185.77亿元。

另一面,贵州茅台旗下酒类品牌价格同样高涨。

法治周末记者在京东、天猫、酒仙网等电商渠道检索“飞天茅台53度”发现,53度飞天茅台已经涨至1299元一瓶。而在半年前,一瓶53度飞天茅台的价格还在800元至900元徘徊。此外,几家电商的信息显示,目前53度飞天茅台的销售状态多为“预约”。

公开资料显示,由于担心价格过于高涨,茅台也正在以前所未有的力度稳价,茅台正在不断调整今年“两节”的投放量,表示将从2000吨逐步增加到6200吨。

“白酒主要以酱香和浓香为主。从白酒香型的角度来,当下的白酒市场应该属于‘一酱加两浓’的局面。从当下消费需求来看,其实酱香型越来越受到消费者青睐。我自己认为,未来的白酒市场应该会是‘两酱+一浓’的格局。”朱丹蓬判断。

“从这个角度来看,未来五粮液和洋河股份谁将出局就是一个需要追问的问题。”朱丹蓬说,“我认为浓香型白酒在顶端保住两位的可能性不大。因此,未来五粮液和洋河股份必然是要有一个出局,虽然这个时间可能会很长。”

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