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一稳二严三进 监管新政塑造资本市场新生态

2017-09-07 08:17:33   新华网

以并购重组为例,2016年,国有控股上市公司并购重组共有678单,交易金额达1.02万亿元,占全市场并购重组交易总金额的43%。其中,长江电力收购三峡集团水电资产、国药一致与现代制药之间的重组,均实现了优质国资控股上市公司布局的优化;中铁二局注入中国中铁核心制造资产,导致其主业变更为高端装备制造业;长城电脑换股合并长城信息并收购资产,则提升了其军工业务的综合实力。此外,*ST舜船、*ST金瑞、*ST煤气等一批亏损企业的重组也带动了更多行业的加速整合。

同时,钢铁、水泥、船舶、电解铝、煤化工、汽车、纺织、电力等八大产能过剩行业共有118家上市公司实施了并购重组,合计交易金额2336.78亿元。其中,有的通过减少恶性竞争,提高行业集中度化解过剩产能。如宝钢吸并武钢,合并成立的宝武钢铁集团是中国第一、全球第二的特大型钢铁企业。有的通过置出过剩产能,置入优质资产,重新“盘活再生”。如*ST济柴通过重组置入中石油旗下金融资产、*ST天利成为中石油石油工程业务建设平台。

前海开源基金管理有限公司董事总经理杨德龙表示,完善资本市场基础制度是重塑市场秩序、回归资本市场服务实体经济本源的基础,此前制度有漏洞,导致市场投机氛围较重,滋生了不少非法者,他们钻制度的空子,大发不义之财,进而致使整个市场鱼龙混杂,制度重建后,监管划清红线,市场主体皆须按照市场规则行事,违者将面临重罚。

市场化改革促A股有进有退

长期以来,A股市场在“进”与“出”这两个关键点都备受质疑。在“进”端,新股发行和市场扩容的速度一直受到指数波动的干扰,自1994年以来,IPO已先后经历了九次暂停,舆论对IPO发行节奏的影响极大。而在“出”端,尽管退市制度经历了多次改革,但由于种种因素的干扰,整个市场真正实现退出的公司比例仍然很低。

市场要健康发展,必须排除干扰因素,让“进”和“退”按照市场化的改革节奏推进。在上市公司的供给端,监管层面认为通过减少甚至暂停IPO来缓解下行压力、使市场保持稳定对市场长远发展并无益处,必须逐步摆脱指数波动对扩容速度的制约,使IPO节奏保持常态化。

IPO常态化发行,并没有降低上市企业的质量。监管部门在发行审核各个环节保持高标准严要求,具体表现在IPO发审被否企业数量不断增加。截至9月1日,今年以来在发审会上折戟的企业已达到46家,否决率为13.94%,加上待表决、暂缓表决、取消审核等情况,发审会通过率约为八成。

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