新闻 > 经济
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170904/31273671_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/03/01 04:42:57

Powered by China
China

余永定:当前经济形势好转 完成汇改有利时间窗已现

2017-09-04 07:56:01   中国经济网

在亚洲金融危机期间,中国和泰国都是固定汇率制度。中国守住了,泰国没守住。原因是中国在坚持人民币不贬值政策的同时,充分发挥了资本管制的作用。泰国没有资本管制,做空泰铢的投机者不肯退去,外汇用光了就只好贬值,结果做空者大获全胜。中国拥有3万多亿美元外汇储备,没有多少做空者敢于同中国对赌。如果人民币出现较大幅度贬值,做空人民币的投机者确实会获利。汇率维持不变固然“打爆”了做空者,但却便宜了套息交易获利平仓者和资产转移者。如果让人民币贬值,这些套息交易平仓者和资本转移者的换汇成本就会急剧增长,从而使这类资本外流得到抑制。不仅如此,因为企图把人民币换成美元的人会趁人民币还未贬值之际,抓紧时间尽快把人民币换成美元,汇率稳定可能不仅没有抑制资本外流,反倒加速了资本外流。

如果央行在“8.11”汇改之后,静观其变,不为汇率的加速贬值所动,最后结果会是什么样子呢?汇率会大幅度贬值25%以上,甚至无限的贬值下去?事实上,尽管当时汇率贬值预期有了大幅度提高,但市场上依然很少人认为在2015年内人民币贬值的幅度会超过10%。例如,瑞银把在未来6个月和12个月美元/人民币汇率预测从6.25分别上调至6.50和6.60,即预测人民币将贬值4%或5.6%。“8.11”汇改之后,由于预期恶化,资本外流急剧增加。但此时中国经济的基本面并未发生根本变化。中国还有大量经常项目顺差,中国长期资本基本平衡略有逆差。只要再撑一段时间,短期资本外流的势头就可能逐渐减弱。如果再加上资本管制,人民币汇率不大可能会像国内经济学家所担心的那样大幅度贬值。中国经济基本面在2017年出现好转的趋势,2015年至2016年前半年的悲观情绪已经大部分消散。2017年美元指数开始下跌,实行浮动汇率制度的发展中国家的汇率都在上升。

厘清资本外流和资本外逃概念

中国证券报:目前对是否存在严重资本外逃的争议很大,您对此如何看?

余永定:在回答这个问题之前,需要厘清资本外流和资本外逃两个概念的同异。资本外逃在1980年代被定义为短期投机资本流出。在维基百科中资本外逃则是指由于受到某种冲击(纳税负担加重、债务违约风险上升等),资本从境内大规模流到境外。在存在资本管制的国家,资本外逃则一般是不合法的,因为资本管制的制度设计本身就是要制止资本由于负面冲击而大规模流出。

在中国,资产外逃一般被理解为违规、违法的资产外流。我倾向于把资本外逃定义为源于某种负面冲击,且会对国民福利造成永久性损害的违规、违法的资本外流。资本外逃同一般资本外流的重要区别是它的不合法性,但资本外逃和资本外流有时也难于区分。例如,某些资本的流出虽然经过合法手续,但目的是洗钱、鲸吞国有资产,应该算作资本外逃。因此,不应该把资本外流等同于资本外逃,但也不应该因为不能将两者等量齐观而否认资本外逃的存在。正如我们不应该把马等同于白马,但也不能因为马非白马而否认白马的存在。

上一页3/5下一页
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170904/31273671_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/03/01 04:42:57

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170904/31273671_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/03/01 04:42:57

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170904/31273671_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/03/01 04:42:57

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170904/31273671_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/03/01 04:42:57

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170904/31273671_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/03/01 04:42:57

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170904/31273671_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/03/01 04:42:57

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170904/31273671_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/03/01 04:42:57

Powered by China
China

美图推荐

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170904/31273671_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/03/01 04:42:57

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170904/31273671_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/03/01 04:42:57

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170904/31273671_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/03/01 04:42:57

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170904/31273671_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/03/01 04:42:57

Powered by China
China

为您推荐

加载更多>>
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170904/31273671_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/03/01 04:42:57

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170904/31273671_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/03/01 04:42:57

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20170904/31273671_3.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/03/01 04:42:57

Powered by China
China