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金砖国家科技创新的现状与未来

2017-08-31 10:46:19   光明网

发挥辐射作用。发挥金砖五国为所在地区具有重要影响力国家的优势,通过金砖机制内和成员国所在区域的多双边科技创新合作,带动与中亚、南亚、南美、非洲等地区国家的南南科技创新合作。

对接发展战略。加强“一带一路”科技创新合作与俄罗斯“欧亚经济联盟”,以及与印度、巴西、南非等国家发展战略中科技合作内容的对接,着眼各国发展急需,加强在能源、交通、新材料等领域的科技创新合作,通过共建联合实验室(研发中心)、开展重大科技攻关等举措支持并形成一批有影响力的科技创新合作大项目。

切实加强大科学工程和基础研究领域交流合作。推动科技联合攻关,鼓励各国共同发起和开展重大科学工程和计划。定期举办大科学工程和基础研究领域专家研讨会,促进人才及技术交流,发掘合作潜力。继续深化各方在国际热核聚变实验堆计划(ITER)等现有大科学工程的合作,共享试验设备,共同开展联合研究。利用五国覆盖地球5/6纬度、60%时区的地理优势,系统建设对空监测、监控、遥感、遥测地面站。

完善产学研合作链,建立以企业为主导的技术合作机制。企业是国际技术创新合作的重要推动力,是产学研链条中最具市场活力的环节。应逐步改变当前金砖国家合作多为政府对高校和研究机构进行资助,而作为市场主体的企业参与较少的局面。对已经具有技术成熟度和市场潜力的合作成果,通过多种方式建立长效机制,给予重点支持。

【延伸阅读】

金砖国家创新概览

巴西:2016年颁布《国家科技创新战略(2016—2019年)》;实施《创新法》,推动科研人员创业。科技创新研究重点领域包括:航空航天和国防、饮用水、食品、生物群落和生物经济、社会科学技术、气候、数字经济和数字社会、能源、核能、卫生。

俄罗斯:2016年12月正式实施《俄罗斯联邦科学技术发展战略》,聚焦的领域有航空航天、大洋、极地开发与研究;先进的数字和智能制造技术、机器人制造系统;节能环保型经济,提高碳氢原料的开采和深加工效率;个性化医疗与精准医疗,合理利用包括抗生素在内的各类药物。

印度:2013年发布《科学技术和创新政策》,并将继续实施《印度十年创新路线图》(2010—2020年)。印度2010年科学论文数量世界排名第9,有望在2020年赶上欧洲科研强国;高被引论文数235篇,占全国科技论文产出的0.52%。

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