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9月流动性料有惊无险 资金面“通关”还有三道坎

2017-08-31 07:40:43   中国经济网

分析人士指出,尽管财政支出、国库定存操作、金融机构法定准备金退缴等因素形成流动性供应,但近期公开市场资金净回笼较多、市场总体超储率偏低及流动性分布不均衡等因素限制了流动性回暖,叠加临近月末季节因素等的影响,金融机构资金融出谨慎,资金面料在紧平衡格局中跨月。

9月还有三道坎

30日,在月末财政支出力度加大的支持下,午后资金面紧势稍显缓解,隔夜加权利率DR001下行4BP至2.92%,指标7天期加权利率DR007也下行近6BP至2.885。但想到即将进入9月,小李丝毫不敢乐观。

“最难熬的时点可能尚未到来。”业内人士指出,在超储率处于低位的背景下,9月天量同业存单到期,叠加季末MPA考核,以及外围货币环境的影响,将是后续资金面不得不面临的三道坎。

首先,相比于3月、6月,9月同业存单到期量达到历史新高,将对资金利率造成较大压力,这也是目前市场最为关注的焦点。此前的6月份,央行在流动性上边际放松,资金面相对宽松后中小商业银行又大量增发同业存单,其中占比最大的是3个月期限的同业存单,这些同业存单在9月面临大量到期。

据统计,9月份同业存单到期量为2.3万亿元,超过今年1-8月水平,存在较大滚动续做压力,9月季末时点,叠加MPA考核压力下,同业存单利率有较大上行压力。

其次,从历史上看,季末MPA、LCR等流动性考核压力,对于债券投资、银行与非银资管合作业务和银行间回购都将产生收缩效应,容易引发资金面紧张。而今年以来,银行超额准备金率持续处于历史低位,MPA考核临近,叠加同业存单大量到期,将导致银行流动性压力进一步加大。据机构测算,7月末金融机构超额准备金率已降至1.1%左右,到8月中旬缴税后,或进一步降至1%,属于历史上极低的水平。此外,同业存单纳入MPA考核、史上货币基金新规对流动性的影响也待观察。

再者,9月份,美联储还可能宣布启动“缩表”,欧元区货币政策也有收紧预期,外围货币环境对国内流动性也可能造成一定的影响。长江证券指出,每个季末召开的美联储FOMC会议,也可能对国内流动性产生干扰。

总的来看,在超储率维持低水平的背景下,银行体系资金面脆弱,即将到来的9月流动性扰动因素不少,市场流动性预期易紧难松。

不必过于担忧

尽管“三道坎”给流动性运行造成一定障碍,但市场人士同时认为,央行货币政策稳健中性的基调并未改变,在“不松不紧”、“削峰填谷”式的货币操作下,对9月流动性环境也不必过于担忧,资金面大概率将维持在紧平衡状态。

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