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发改委平抑煤价过山车:将设库存上下限

2017-08-30 09:39:15   中国经济网

金联创煤炭分析师毕方静指出,国家实施最高、最低库存,是为了使得煤炭交易处在一个供需平衡中,进而使得价格稳定。“在新的库存制度下,价格应该是不会暴涨的。”

2016年,煤炭价格的整体涨幅比较大。国家统计局数据显示,以秦皇岛港5500大卡煤炭为例,2016年末价格为639元/吨,比2015年末上涨269元/吨,涨幅73%。

不达标将上“黑名单”

根据本次公布的考核办法,对于煤炭最高、最低库存考核不达标的企业将有惩罚措施。

一年内,企业库存考核一次不达标的,纳入企业信用“灰名单”。两次不达标的,要被通报批评;三次及以上不达标的,纳入企业信用“黑名单”,对有关煤炭企业执行差别电价,并按比例实施减量化生产。对有关发电企业核减计划电量,并在参与电力交易上给予一定限制。

对因未执行最低、最高库存制度造成缺煤停机、影响发电供热的,按照《电网调度管理条例》等有关规定严肃追究问责;对囤积居奇、哄抬物价、扰乱市场秩序的价格违法行为,依法进行查处。

林伯强指出,目前煤炭价格仍有上涨的压力,主要原因是环保督察以及今年冬季限产。“现在的情况是,一方面像钢铁煤炭在限制淘汰落后产能,一方面符合环保要求的企业在开足马力生产。需要注意的是环保督察要有可持续性,要避免督察组走了之后,污染企业又加大生产的情况发生。”

很多专家认为,最高最低库存制度要执行到位。“在煤炭价格上升时,企业肯定会希望增加库存,这时监管难度较大。”

根据记者了解,目前煤炭实际的市场价格,已超过国家发改委调控的煤炭长协(长期合同)价。

比如国家统计局数据显示,截至8月7日,秦皇岛5500大卡煤炭平仓价每吨608元,比7月初上涨23元。这高于国家规定煤炭长协价不高于570元/吨的水平。

对此,一位证券公司分析师指出,国家发改委提出煤炭库存制度,显然是为了避免即将到来的冬季价格波动。此外,钢铁价格上升拉高了焦煤的价格,对煤炭价格上升有一定的传导压力。下一阶段,保持煤炭供给平衡仍需要加大努力。

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