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发改委就建立健全煤炭最低和最高库存制度征求意见

2017-08-28 19:26:05   中国经济网

经济日报-中国经济网北京8月28日讯 据发改委官网消息,根据进一步健全国家储备制度的有关精神,按照建立推动煤炭行业长期健康发展长效机制的工作要求,发改委研究起草了《关于建立健全煤炭最低库存和最高库存制度的指导意见(试行)》以及《煤炭最低库存和最高库存制度考核办法(试行)》,现向社会公开征求意见。

指导意见指出,设有储煤厂的煤矿,当动力煤价格处于绿色区域时,应保持不低于 5 天设计产量的最低储煤量;当动力煤价格出现大幅下跌超出绿色区域下限时,煤矿应保持不低于 7 天设计产量的最低储煤量;当动力煤价格出现大幅上涨超出绿色区域上限时,煤矿储煤量可不高于 3 天设计产量。不设储煤厂的煤矿,应根据《煤炭工业矿井设计规范》有关规定,保持装车仓最大设计储煤量。

从事原煤、配煤及洗选、型煤加工产品经销等活动的煤炭经营企业,最低库存原则上不低于上一年度 3 天的日常经营量。当市场供不应求、动力煤价格出现大幅上涨超出绿色区域上限时,煤炭经营企业最高库存原则上不超过上一年度月均经营量。

电力、建材、冶金、化工等重点耗煤行业的相关企业,日常生产经营过程中煤炭最低库存原则上不应低于近三年企业储煤平均水平;在市场供不应求、价格连续快速上涨时,其存煤量不应高于最高库存,最高库存原则上不超过最低库存的一倍。

考虑到电煤占煤炭消费的比例最高,又是保障电力企业稳定生产的关键,目前先行制定重点燃煤电厂煤炭最低库存和最高库存的试行规定和存煤标准。

最低库存主要考虑:各省(区、市)煤炭消费量和自给率等因素,结合近年来各区域电煤库存平均可用天数,将各地最低库存标准分为两档。具体标准为:山西、陕西、内蒙古等煤炭主产区的燃煤电厂,库存量原则上不少于 15 天耗煤量;其他地区的燃煤电厂,库存量原则上不少于 20 天耗煤量。

燃煤电厂最低库存量还应综合考虑运输方式、运输距离、资源矿点、煤种类型等因素。具体标准为:(1)运距不大于 50 公里的燃煤电厂,库存量不应少于 5 天耗煤量;运距大于 50 公里、小于 100 公里的燃煤电厂,采用汽车运输时库存量不应少于 7 天耗煤量,采用铁路运输时不应少于 10 天耗煤量;运距大于 100 公里的燃煤电厂,库存量不应少于 15 天耗煤量。(2)铁路和水路联运的燃煤电厂,库存量不应少于 20 天耗煤量。(3)对于燃烧褐煤的燃煤电厂,库存量不应少于 10 天耗煤量。当存在两种以上供煤方式或供煤矿井较多时,最低库存量可取上述要求中的较小值。常态下燃煤电厂的最低库存,选取区域存煤与电厂存煤标准的低值。对于运输条件较好的煤电联营项目,可适当调低最低库存标准。

为确保迎峰度夏度冬及重大活动用煤需要,有关电力企业要提前做好煤炭收储工作,确保在用煤高峰到来前,将最低库存水平在常态基础上再提高 5—10 天,其中燃烧褐煤的电厂的最低库存水平在常态基础上提高 5 天。

已建成燃煤电厂存煤能力达不到最低煤炭库存标准要求的,应对现有设施进行改造;不具备改造条件的,需与有关煤炭生产经营企业或邻近电厂签订代储、互保协议,满足存煤要求。

最高库存主要考虑:当市场供不应求、价格连续快速上涨时,燃煤电厂库存量应保持在合理水平,原则上不超过该电厂最低库存量的一倍,迎峰度夏度冬及重大活动期间,最高库存量可再适当上浮 10—20 天。

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