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消息人士称证监会就ICO征询意见 剑指传销诈骗类项目

2017-08-29 17:30:28   央广网

上述区块链技术企业负责人对第一财经记者表示,证监会近日刚刚向部分区块链企业就ICO项目征询意见,对于那些打着虚拟货币的名义进行传销诈骗的ICO项目尤为关注,此外,眼下还存在一些单纯靠商业模式创新、但无实质技术含量的ICO项目,也受到了监管注意,目前证监会处于收集意见和讨论的阶段,今年内或有相关政策出台。

不过,上述区块链技术企业负责人并未提及监管对ICO“一刀切”的说法。

其实,今年最典型的,便是打着ICO的幌子搞加密虚拟货币传销的庞氏骗局。相比P2P行业当时20%的年化收益率,打着ICO幌子行传销之实的传销项目可以打出200%甚至2000%的收益率,并进行诱惑性宣传。迄今为止,百川币、维卡币、珍宝币、五行币等,均是已经被查获和曝光的数字货币传销案,更多地则尚未浮出水面。

有一些ICO项目背后虽然具备专攻区块链的技术团队,但更多是用区块链做一个新的商业概念包装,技术经不起推敲,“现在行业还在狂热阶段,乍看难辨真伪,这种项目要到潮水退去后,才会显露真面目。”某ICO项目推介人士对记者表示。

美国SEC剑指证券发行类ICO

除了传销诈骗类ICO,国内外众多ICO自身属性大有不同,后期等待区别的监管措施落地。

例如,此前有传言称,国内的某私募基金要发行ICO,打响PE、VC通过ICO募资的第一枪。当时的消息称,这是国内第一支由大型PE机构募集的专门投资数字货币资产的基金,这只基金将会发行自己的代币,在GP和LP所持有的代币逐步解锁后,会放在数字货币交易所公开交易。

不过,事后,该私募基金对此消息明确否定。但其中暴露的问题是,明确带有证券属性的ICO很可能“踩线”监管,而私募理论上应该受相关法律规定的监管。

早在2017年7月,美国证监会(SEC)出台的相关监管细则也剑指证券属性的ICO。

世泽律师事务所合作人孙铭律师对第一财经记者表示,SEC当时发布的报告主题是针对The DAO项目而作出的调查,并非笼统地对于区块链、数字货币或ICO的研究分析。

孙铭是国内最早的数字货币和区块链技术的研究者和法律专家,他为记者详细分析了SEC监管的内容。SEC报告的明确结论限于以下几点(仅从美国法律的角度):

1、The DAO项目构成了证券发行,相关代币属于证券;

2、发行方The DAO需要依法办理证券发行的登记(除非获得豁免),哪怕The DAO本身并不是个公司;

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