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14家上市银行晒成绩单:零售贷款投放力度加大

2017-08-28 11:47:14   东北新闻网

而在零售贷款的结构中,上市银行零售贷款增长主要集中于消费贷款、信用卡透支,以及个人住房按揭贷款的增长。

负债端:

将存款放到更重要位置

除同业资产在压缩外,上市银行同业负债也在整体压缩。数据显示,14家上市银行同业负债整体压缩超过7000亿元,较年初下降幅度超过10%,其中光大银行同业负债规模压缩就超过3100亿元。

此时,银行为增加负债规模,将存款吸收放到了更重要的位置上,上半年14家银行总存款增量接近7000亿元,基本抵消同业负债规模的下降。其中招行期末存款总额较年初增加3402.05亿元至4.14万亿元,中信银行存款总额则较年初减少近1900亿元。

不过在存款结构上,上市银行呈现和去年存款活期化不一样的特点,即“零售存款占比上升” 、“定期存款占比上升”。这主要是由于上半年复杂的市场利率变化影响,商业银行出于稳定负债规模和成本的考虑,通过营销以及大额存单发行等方式,加大对定期存款和低成本零售存款的吸收。

此外,还有部分股份行和大型城商行继续扩大同业存单余额,以招行为例,该行期末同业存单余额即较年初增长26.7%至2385.34亿元。

有分析师认为,这一方面是这些银行根据市场利率走势进行主动负债管理,另一方面也是通过发行3个月以上期限的同业存单,来代替正在萎缩的同业负债,改善LCR(流动性覆盖率)指标,这时同业存单更多的成为银行跨季流动性管理的工具。

营收整体下滑

净利润集体正增长

经营业绩方面,数据显示,14家上市银行合计实现营业收入4797.21亿元,同比减少超50亿元,其中7家银行(含4家股份行和3家城商行)营收同比下滑。

拆分营收结构来看,受负债成本高企和净息差走低因素影响,14家上市银行利息净收入整体同比下滑3.89%,由于利息净收入在营业收入中占比接近七成,因此不可避免地带动营业收入的整体下滑。

利息净收入下滑的背面,则是非利息收入占比的增长。数据显示,14家银行非利息收入占比较去年同期上升1.92个百分点至34.48%,其中手续费佣金净收入较年初增长8.65%至159.92亿元。

值得注意的是,此前非利息收入占比较高的招行,在上半年出现非利息收入同比减少逾36亿元的情况,该行非利息收入占比也较去年同期下滑了3.17个百分点。招行在业绩说明会上解释称,这主要是受监管趋严、资本市场表现,以及“营改增”对票据业务非息收入的负面影响。

不过,在14家银行营收整体下滑的情况下,前述银行集体录得净利润增速正增长,主要是因为营业支出的减少。其中中小银行净利润增速普遍高于股份行和大行。

上半年14家银行上半年税金及附加较去年同期大幅减少77.46%(受“营改增”影响)、资产减值损失较去年同期略有减少,都为净利润增长作出正向贡献。以南京银行为例,该行在营业收入同比下滑17.04%的情况下,上半年计提资产减值损失同比减少逾50%、营业税金及附加同比减少逾80%,进而实现营业利润同比增长7.98%。

值得注意的是,14家上市银行中有5家银行上半年计提的资产减值损失不及去年同期,这些银行资产质量前瞻性指标也均有不同程度的好转,不良生成率也环比去年下半年有所企稳甚至下降。整体而言,前期拨备较为充足的上市银行,在资产质量好转时也将迎来减少拨备、释放利润的时期。

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