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供给侧改革持续推进 期货助涉棉产业提质增效

2017-08-28 07:36:51   中国经济网

从乌鲁木齐直至伊犁,当前,天山北麓,一望无际的广袤棉田内高度整齐划一的棉株以及其下纵横密布的滴灌带,在条状的种植区块上构成了一道道绿色的彩带,引人驻足。往日,田间地头,棉农们抢抓农时,漫灌施肥的情景如今在北疆已不多见。当前新疆涉棉产业正在悄然发生变化。

地广人稀是新疆涉棉产业发展连片种植乃至规模经营,以实现涉棉产业供给侧改革的得天独厚条件。据介绍,得益于土地流转制度在新疆的成功实践,农业自动化和机械化程度普遍得以提高,多种创新经营模式在此背景下正在新疆生根发芽。

位于塔城地区的沙湾聚力机采棉社企联盟采用的“社-企合作”模式,就是近年来在开展规模和联动发展方面比较成功的经营模式。据该联盟理事长扈宏伟介绍,顾名思义“社-企联盟”就是由企业牵头,合作社和农户共同参与,打造的一个标准化生产、规模化经营、机械化采收的经营模式,使农业合作社与企业抱团发展。通过发挥联盟内种植业合作社、农机合作社以及涉农企业在土地、装备、技术、资金、销售等方面的优势,从生产端的农产品标准入手,按照商品棉所需标准生产,由合作社按照整地、选种、播种、田管、采摘、销售“六统一”的模式组织生产经营基本实现了节本、提质、增效的目标。

扈宏伟表示,发展“社-企联盟”是做大做强合作社,既是地方应对市场竞争的现实选择,也是提高农业组织化程度、构建新型农业经营体系的内在要求。通过培育现代化农民对进一步推进现代化农业建设同样也具有一定的先导作用。相信随着“社-企联盟”的不断壮大,聚力也将实现“生产中国好棉花,赶超美澳国际棉”的目标。

分析人士指出,“社-企联盟”这一发展模式对坚持家庭经营在农业中的基础性地位、推动农业经营的规模化、集约化水平乃至对延伸涉棉产业链条,拓宽棉农生产经营的增值空间,提高棉农收入,均具有一定的创新意义。

相较之下,以中棉集团为代表的“企业+合作社+农户”的模式则主要以龙头企业为中心,通过打通上下游链条,形成从耕、种、管、收、加、销等各个环节构建集约化、专业化、社会化相结合的服务体系。据中棉集团孙国庆介绍,长期以来,该集团始终重视新疆在资源基地方面的建设,通过“企业+合作社+农户”的模式,棉农只需低价租赁土地,即可入股,中棉集团为其提供产前、产中、产后服务,提供优良品种、高新技术,加强棉花的管理,提高棉花的单产,年底棉农还可参与分红。通过这一模式不仅提高了企业产品的质量,增加了棉农的收入,同时,使企业生产出来的产品能够卖个好价格,纺织企业也喜欢用我们的棉花。通过这一良性循环发展模式的探索,相信将为新疆涉棉产业的发展方向产生积极作用。

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