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发改委新一批混改名单曝光:中粮资本、中金珠宝等入围

2017-08-20 13:02:04   中国经济网

2017年3月,中粮包装又联合奥瑞金对海宁纪鸿控股。其中,中粮包装持股51%,奥瑞金持股19%,旨在提升区域两片罐产能,促进行业格局健康发展。中粮包装是中国最大的综合消费品包装集团,现已形成马口铁、铝制、塑胶三大类包装产品,深度覆盖各类食品、饮料、啤酒、乳制品、日化等消费品包装市场。

“混改一开始的思路是通过股权多元化,引入战略合作机制提高市场竞争力”,一名中粮集团内部人士对经济观察报说。

探路混改后,中粮包装根据市场及客户需求的变化,采用合资运营、厂中厂、租赁经营等多种模式组合应用,加强与重要客户的利益绑定。资产周转与现金流情况均得以改善。

联系上述一系列混改实例,国资委相关人士认为,自十八届三中全会以来的央企多层级企业混改试点改革,呈现出以下几个特点,一是速度加快。国资委数据统计显示,2015年《关于深化国有企业改革的指导意见》(简称《指导意见》)出台后,中央企业混改速度明显加快,2016年新增混合所有制改革项目数同比增长45.6%。截至2017年3月底,省级国资委监管各级企业中混合所有制企业数量较2016年底增长3%。

另一个特点是层级不断提升。其中,中央企业二级子企业混合所有制企业户数占比达到了22.5%。还有例如在石油、天然气、电力、铁路、民航、电信、军工等行业和领域,已经有19家企业开展重点领域混合所有制改革试点,实现了向社会资本放开竞争性业务。

而且,在机制转变层面,越来越多的竞争性企业在混改中进一步调整股权比例,促进企业形成了有效制衡的法人治理结构。同时,通过探索实施经理层市场化选聘和身份转换、员工持股等,推动企业形成了灵活高效的市场化经营机制。

集团混改可行性

无论是已经敲定推进混改试点的企业,还是即将拿到最终试点“通行证”的企业,截至目前,尚未出现完全意义上集团层面的混合所有制改革案例。中国联通虽属于整体混改,但严格意义上说仍是二级企业混改。

国务院发展研究中心企业研究所副所长袁东明也表示,目前来说,尚未出现央企集团层面进行混改的实例。原因在于央企集团整体规模较大,资产结构、业务结构通常比较复杂,而且还涉及很多历史遗留问题,要想在集团层面推进混改情况自然比较复杂,引进战略投资者时也面临挑战。“所以,选择资产相对干净、业务相对简单、体量相对较小、推进相对容易的企业先行混改,比如一些央企子企业便可以先行”,袁东明对经济观察报说。而且,如果涉及到央企一级企业层面的混改,还会牵涉到谁持有股权的问题。如果由国务院国资委直接持有混合所有制企业或上市公司的股权,这就要求国资委像其他股东一样,国资委也需要转型。

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