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这是刘强东的底牌,阿里曾经看不上,现在在追赶

2017-07-31 15:38:23   中国经济网

前不久,他见某个通达系老板,谈话时对方不经意间较量起各自的实力所长,多点对多点还是快递公司厉害。王振辉点头,“我非常承认,但是一点对多点京东最强。”京东的物流网络也是按照由仓到配的逻辑进行布局的。

从过去京东开放业务的历史合作数据来看,京东更多只是承接了配送环节的服务。在目前每天100多万的非自营外单中,单纯配送订单占比达到60%。傅兵说,京东POP平台约有1/3商户在使用京东物流配送服务。

京东把商家入仓作为核心战略目标,王振辉说,“我们希望商家把货放到京东仓库,这是我们擅长的。”

商户入仓比例低有一定的行业历史原因。几乎所有品牌商,甚至电商平台的配送环节都是外包的。但企业自主建仓的比例却很高,租个几千平米仓库,自己打理或像李宁那样外包管理。行业现状注定仓配一体化客户小于纯配客户,国内客户外包仓比例也远低于国外。

傅兵分析最主要的原因在于,仓库涉及到货物安全,以及所有操作的数据。一个仓库出入多少商品,这些对于企业来说是相对核心的数据。

不过他提出,这个趋势正在发生扭转。仓库操作难度在加大,专业化趋势明显,不再是原来纯粹搬箱子那么简单。京东在全国多地仓库都拿出一定面积试验无人化操作。《中国企业家》曾实地探访京东位于固安的小件仓,20多个机器人按照既定地图路线运行在5000多平的仓库,只要一个操作员输入订单详情,机器人就会把相应的货架送过来,人找货变成货找人。

尤其体量越大,企业会发现自己运营仓库的成本远高于外包的成本。原来大家只看成本,不关心体验,但是B2C涉及到用户时这个态度也被改变了。所以越来越多的商家由原来的异地仓、两地仓变成全国仓,因为只有离客户越近,才能提供更具时效的服务。如果要部署全国性仓储,管理幅度就会加大,一般企业很难具备这样的能力,外包成为必然的趋势。

仓配一体化被认为是未来的趋势。据说,京东物流订单涨得很快,2016年相比2015年涨了200%。

但是对于普通卖家来说,成本始终是首要考虑的问题。一个东北卖家在京东开店,产品在广州卖得特别好,理论上把货物提前备在京东的华南仓,发货速度更快,体验更好,但是成本也增加了很多。

京东给出的解决方案是:如果这种商品是标品,流通性很好,建议就近入仓通过周转降低成本,京东有一套数据和方法可以给到商家建议。毕竟京东自营400多万SKU只有3到7天的周转时间。而假如卖家的产品是个性化、手工、定制,总之比较稀缺,可能不适合全国备仓,王振辉建议跟通达系合作降低成本。“在京东开放平台,我们跟这些公司也是长期合作的。前提是你服务要好,服务不好我就不跟你玩了。”

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