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共享单车专利侵权案持续发酵 专家:专利不可共用
2017-06-27 12:41:09 中国经济网
“过去我们国家对于纯粹的商业模式、经营模式是不给予法律保护的,但是这几年来,司法实践已经开始研究对带有技术含量的商业经营模式给予相关的专利保护。”暨南大学知识产权学院教授温旭认为,由互联网经济掀起的共享经济热潮中,一个好的商业模式一旦给予知识产权保护的话,就可能是价值连城。
根据我国专利法规定,纯粹的商业模式属于“智力活动的规则与方法”,不能被授予专利。2015年3月公布的《中共中央 国务院关于深化体制机制改革加快实施创新驱动发展战略的若干意见》中,就“营造激励创新的公平竞争环境”方面明确提出,研究商业模式等新形态创新成果的知识产权保护办法。同年12月的另一个文件——《国务院关于新形势下加快知识产权强国建设的若干意见》提出,加强新业态新领域创新成果的知识产权保护,研究完善商业模式知识产权保护制度和实用艺术品外观设计专利保护制度。
直至今年4月起施行的《专利审查指南》中,专利保护的范围扩大到部分商业方法及商业模式,明确含有技术特征的商业模式及商业方法可以受到专利保护。
“创新的商业模式诞生后,往往会有大批企业跟风甚至抄袭,创新者享受的利益无法与其投入的时间、精力以及金钱相匹配。若无法获得合理保护,将会极大地影响创新积极性。”温旭说,以共享单车为例,单车可以共享,但专利不可共用,建议制定共享单车标准专利,推进共享单车市场健康有序发展。“共享单车的未来能够走得多远,还需要依靠相关的知识产权。”
华中科技大学知识产权与竞争法中心主任郑友德则认为,共享单车的共性特点是共享,而专利权是垄断。那么,单车的共享性和专利的排他性或者垄断性之矛盾如何平衡?由此,他提出一种解决思路,即探索专利实现共享的可能性,而这种共享有可能推动整个共享单车行业的发展。
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