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“智轨列车”申请专利30余项 市场空间或达万亿级别

2017-06-20 17:14:06   中国经济周刊

牵引传动系统在业内被称为“列车之心”,其性能在某种程度上决定了列车的动力品质、能耗和控制特性。2015年6月,中车株洲所研发成功永磁同步牵引系统,使我国成为世界上少数几个掌握高铁永磁牵引系统技术的国家之一。中国工程院院士刘友梅告诉《中国经济周刊》记者,该永磁同步牵引系统的电机额定效率达到98%以上,将电机损耗降低至原来的1/3,显著降低了高速列车的牵引能耗。

这一次,株洲所将其自主研发的永磁牵引控制技术用在了虚拟轨道列车上。同时,冯江华还介绍,虚拟轨道列车还采用了分布式动力协同控制技术,能够实现13%的爬坡能力。

虚拟轨道列车还用上了超级电容,是纯电动车,首末站充电,单次充电只需要10分钟,可满载行驶25公里。车辆头顶上不再有电网“大辫子”,这也就节省了供电网络建设的成本。

市场空间或高达万亿元级别

中国工程院院士、中车株洲所董事长丁荣军表示,虚拟轨道列车综合了有轨电车和公交客车的特点,既可以作为立体化交通解决方案的补充,也能够担当区域交通线路的骨干。在公共出行需求与城市交通运力不足的矛盾日益突出的今天,虚拟轨道列车提供了较为理想的出行选择。

除了黑科技云集所带来的技术优势,低成本是虚拟轨道列车的杀手锏。中车株洲所研究院基础与平台研发中心主任许峻峰告诉《中国经济周刊》,一辆有轨电车的价格约为2500万元,中车株洲所的虚拟轨道列车售价可能也将超过2000万元。不过,冯江华称,与有轨电车运力相同的情况下,虚拟轨道列车只需简单的道路改造就能投入使用,整体线路的投资约为现代有轨电车的1/5,建设一条10公里的线路,成本至少能节省10亿元以上。按现有的6000公里有轨电车规划线路计算,这将是一个超万亿元的市场。

建设时间短是虚拟轨道列车的另一大优势。许俊峰介绍,与现代有轨电车相比,因为不需要铺设钢轨,也不用架设电网,一条虚拟轨道列车运行线路从启动规划至开通运营,只需一年时间。“实际上,大部分时间是花在各种程序上,路网改造时间非常短。”

6月2日,株洲市市长阳卫国宣布,株洲为虚拟轨道列车量身定做的全国首条智轨列车示范线路正式进入实质规划阶段, 线路规划全长约6.5公里,建成以后将与已经规划的中低速磁悬浮线路对接。根据规划目标,该条示范线有望在2018年投入商业运营。

专家点评

中国工程院院士刘友梅:ART系统是中运量城市轨道交通新解决方案

传统轨道交通的基本特征是钢轮车辆在钢轨上通过人工或自动控制导向运行,钢轮钢轨承担着承载、导向及约束的功能。随着智能控制、图像识别、卫星定位等新技术的成熟,车辆行进中的导向技术趋势朝着柔性化、智能化及多样化方向发展。其主要的技术形式有:轨迹跟随技术、磁导向技术、光学导向技术、卫星导向技术等。采用这些导向技术的运输车辆可以脱离钢轨的导向约束,并采用胶轮承载。

中车株洲所在总结国外城市轨道交通技术方案后,提出了更为先进的导向系统和运营理念,即智能轨道快运系统(ART系统),它是以虚拟轨道列车为运载工具,融合智能综合管理系统的新型交通制式。

ART系统具有建设周期短、基础设施投资低、城市适应性高、综合能力强等优越性,是中运量城市轨道交通新的解决方案,同时也是中车城市轨道跨界创新的典范。

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