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财金高官详解金融监管思路:货币政策“不松也不紧”

2017-06-05 17:53:48   经济参考报

收紧 消除监管套利防风险

近两年,金融风险尤其是跨市场的金融风险时有发生,这对整个金融监管体制形成挑战,也引发了金融监管层和业内人士的高度重视。

以资产管理行业为例,中投公司原总经理李克平表示,在过去十年特别是过去五年,牌照管理的放松是中国大资管行业得以迅速扩张的一个非常重要的因素,这也使得资管行业中的部分机构在某种程度上进行交叉和混业经营。“但在分业经营方面出现交叉以后,分业监管的体制并没有变化。监管出现空白和空地,使得所谓的监管套利成为过去这些年一个非常重要的主题。”他表示。

中国人民银行金融稳定局局长、清华大学五道口金融学院战略咨询委员会委员陆磊也坦言,资产管理市场上还存在一定乱象,一些仅在工商管理部门注册、但不持有经营牌照的投资管理公司提供了形式多样的产品和咨询,这对监管部门或规则制定部门是一个巨大挑战。而与此同时,各监管部门在促进本行业发展的理念下,对资管业务按照所在行业制定不同的监管规则,各类资管业务投资范围、门槛、杠杆水平等监管规制又都不尽相同。

他表示,在监管层面,要实现资管业务监管的统一规制。“坚持功能监管和机构监管相结合,分类统一制定标准规制。所谓功能监管,就是不管企业是哪类机构,做什么业务,只要做资管业务,必须接受统一的资管规制的管辖;还要建立宏观审慎建设框架,大资管是跨市场和跨行业联动的,并不是单个监管机构可以单独解决的问题。”他还强调,要实施穿透式监管,对资管业务的监管实施全覆盖,按照实质重于形式的原则,确定适用规则,实施涵盖资金来源、中间环节、最终投向的全流程监管。

实际上,今年3月,一行三会官员均确认了资管业务整体监管框架的统一设计正在紧锣密鼓地进行。业内人士表示,短期而言,监管收紧可能会对局部市场产生影响;长期来看,监管收紧将遏制监管套利,约束资金空转,有利于资管行业的长期健康发展。

金融监管体制的协调统一也是业内热议的焦点。清华大学五道口金融学院理事长兼院长吴晓灵在论坛期间接受媒体采访时表示,“从适度控制货币创造、更好地实现宏观审慎管理和微观审慎监管的有效协调来说,银行的监管和中央银行紧密一些更有利。我个人认为,外汇局模式是最佳模式,保险和证券可以独立在外。”“外汇管理局模式”是指在央行内部设立相对独立的副部级机构,专门对外汇进行管理。

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