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中国可燃冰资源可用百年以上 商业开发还需15到20年

2017-06-05 17:53:33   经济参考报

我国可燃冰资源可用百年以上

商业开发还需15到20年时间

5月18日10时,国土资源部部长姜大明在南海神狐海域的“蓝鲸一号”钻井平台上宣布:我国首次海域天然气水合物(又称“可燃冰”)试采成功。中国科技工作者正式开启了通往资源储存量高达相当于千亿吨石油的“可燃冰时代”大门。这是中国能源开发的一次历史性突破,对推动能源生产和消费革命具有重要而深远的影响。

 千亿吨石油级别的宝藏

天然气水合物是由水和天然气在高压、低温情况下形成的类冰状结晶物质,因此又称为可燃冰,意为可以燃烧的冰。

可燃冰燃烧值高,而且清洁。试采现场指挥部首席科学家、中国地质调查局“李四光学者”卢海龙说,因为压缩程度高,一立方米的可燃冰分解后可释放出约0.8立方米的水和164立方米的天然气。每立方米的可燃冰天然气燃烧产生的能量是等量常规天然气的1.43倍,明显高于煤炭、石油,燃烧污染却又比煤、石油小,更加的清洁环保。

可燃冰资源储量丰富,其广泛分布于全球大洋海域,甲烷含量是天然气资源量的60倍,估算其资源量相当于全球已探明传统化石燃料碳总量的两倍。

据试采现场指挥部总指挥、广州海洋地质调查局局长叶建良介绍,可燃冰被各国视为未来石油、天然气的战略性替代能源,是未来全球能源发展的战略制高点。

南海海域是我国可燃冰最主要的分布区,全国可燃冰资源储存量相当于1000亿吨石油,其中有800亿吨在南海。试采现场指挥部地质组组长陆敬安说,勘探显示,神狐海域有11个矿体、面积128平方公里,资源储存量相当于1.5亿吨石油储量。

“成功试采意味着这些储量都有望转化成可利用的宝贵能源,也就意味着中国打开了一个储存量为千亿吨石油级别的宝藏。”陆敬安说。

卢海龙说,按照当前我国使用量粗略估算,可燃冰可供我国使用一百年以上。而且目前我国石油的对外依存度超过60%,可燃冰对我国能源安全及经济发展也有着重要意义。

试采成功的背后,是我国海洋地质工作者在天然气开发上的奋起直追。

和国际上早在20世纪60年代就开始勘探、研究可燃冰相比,我国的可燃冰研究起步要晚到1998年,但中国科技工作者只用了19年就完成了从空白到赶超的全过程。

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