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留学生做海外代购如同闯雷场 可能违反国外法律

2017-05-18 12:13:37   法制日报

“如果以营利为目的大量帮人代购,则属于未经授权进行工作。通过微信、淘宝等在美国进行代购的行为,与在餐馆打黑工等行为相比,较为私密,且交易结算多在中国进行,不易被觉察。然而,这并不代表该行为合法,仍存在风险。”郑毅说,尽管目前尚未有因代购行为败露而导致非移民身份被取消的案例,但并不代表代购行为无迹可查。代购需向海外寄出大量商品,同一人名和地址长期寄出大量的包裹,有可能引起海关察觉,进而根据姓名及地址顺藤摸瓜,查出无工作许可而从事代购的人。

郑毅说,因代购导致非移民身份出问题的案例尚未出现,但不代表万无一失。一旦被留学国家的政府发现非法工作,后果将非常严重。

于娜曾在加拿大达尔豪西大学与国王学院攻读硕士学位,认识不少从事“副业”的留学生。她对《法制日报》记者说:“代购行业游走在海关稽查的边缘。此前发生过澳大利亚留学生因为代购奶粉受到移民局警告的事件,还有人从国内买了手机壳想要带到国外售出,被国外海关处以高额罚款。许多‘副业’活动涉及的报税、纳税、食品安全监管和非法经营等问题非常复杂,一不小心就会‘踩雷’。另外,不同留学国对留学生从事兼职工作的要求和许可度也不同。”

此外,还有这样的案例值得参考。在日本留学的中国学生做代购,因违反日本的有关规定被遣返。而这件事是被房东举报的。

除了留学国的种种关卡,海关也是留学生代购需要面对的。

在韩国留学的李小慧(化名)身边也有很多中国留学生做代购。“因为不了解法律,所以即使有什么行为和法律不符,自己也蒙在鼓里。”李小慧说,通过声称“自用”而蒙混过关,或者将过海关的程序完全外包给他人,使留学生的代购行为往往游走在法律边缘。一种为人们普遍采用的方式就是拆掉商品包装,消除“商品”痕迹,形成“自用”效果。

“另一种常见的方式就是将代购物品的邮寄外包给专门的快递公司。我们在论坛上认识了一家专门做国际快递和清关的公司,我们将商品交给快递公司,他们让商品过海关并顺利交到消费者手上。”李小慧说,“为了减少缴税的可能性,我们一般会将商品单件邮寄,商品价值尽量控制在5000元以内,这样就不用缴税了。”

□ 本报记者  赵 丽

□ 本报实习生 刘雪妍

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