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赵华林:大气污染治理要决心与魄力 更要智慧与耐心

2017-05-18 12:01:56   新华网

改善大气环境质量,重中之重是打破传统能源结构

能源结构现状是我国避不开雾霾的重要原因之一,改善大气环境质量,重中之重是打破传统能源结构,积极推进新能源发展。当前,我国能源产业已处在历史转折点,正经历着从产业结构到发展路径的深刻变革,发展方向将是清洁低碳、安全高效的现代能源体系及低碳、智能、共享的能源。未来能源供给侧结构性改革的核心是建立多元供应体系,形成煤、油、气、核、新能源、可再生能源多轮驱动的能源供应体系。这需要从以下几方面努力。

第一,紧密结合产能过剩行业供给侧结构性改革,积极优化能源供给结构。积极化解煤炭行业过剩产能,严格控制煤炭新增产能,加快淘汰落后产能,推动煤炭行业兼并重组。化解煤电过剩产能,利用市场机制倒逼,加快推进电力市场化改革。在处置“僵尸企业”和去产能方面,国有企业特别是中央企业要有担当,起好带头作用。

第二,采取有效措施,促进新能源产业健康快速发展。加大科技研发力度,降低新能源的成本,着力解决弃水、弃风、弃光问题。优化控制增量,把握水电、核电发展节奏,发展风电、光伏、生物质能、地热能以就近消纳为主,化解消纳存量,优化系统调度运行,提高跨省区输电通道利用效率。

第三,提高能源系统整体运行效率,推动新常态下能源发展提质增效。加强新能源产业发展整体规划,建立能源互联网络体系。加强顶层设计,摒弃“各自为政”、单纯“扩张保供”的发展思路,推动能源消费与能源供给良性互动,技术创新与商业模式创新共同出力,能源供给结构调整与发展模式变革协同共进。解决清洁能源当地消纳能力不足以及无法大规模向外输送的难题,从根源上解决能源行业现存的结构性失衡问题。

新能源在替代现有石油、煤炭等能源及节能环保方面有着重要的战略意义,做好新能源产业供给侧结构性改革,对改变我国以煤炭为主的能源结构,减少重污染天气来源有重要意义。

环境质量改善不仅需要精准的目标导向,更需要有力的基础抓手

党的十八届五中全会审议通过《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划的建议》,强调牢固树立并切实贯彻创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享五大发展理念,对生态文明建设和环境保护做出一系列重大安排部署,要求加快补齐生态环境短板,将生态环境质量总体改善列为全面建成小康社会目标。以改善环境质量为中心是新时期我国环境经济发展的迫切要求,是现阶段的主要任务。中央环保督查、垂直管理等一系列政策措施的出台,环保部水、气、土三司的设立,昭示着我们改善环境质量的决心。但是环境质量改善不仅需要精准的目标导向,更需要有力的基础抓手,不能片面理解以环境质量为中心。以环境质量为中心,核心是改善环境质量,抓手是过程监管。不能只考察结果而无过程约束,要不断推进产业结构调整,优化治理设施,强化管理升级换代,控制新增总量,加大环境监管力度、提升执法能力,使环境质量改善有抓手有步骤逐步推进。

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