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墓地价格疯涨秒杀房价 天价陵园变身“另类楼市”

2017-04-24 11:11:47   经济参考报

与民政部门下属作为事业单位的经营性墓园相比,企业更侧重于个性化、高端化服务。记者调研发现,多家墓地提供看墓选墓的“一条龙服务”,专车负责接送、金牌经理一对一服务。

福寿园国际集团有限公司是一家港股上市公司,其自称“中国最大的殡葬服务提供商”,提供专业且个性化的多样服务,满足不同客户群的需求,提供包括定制艺术墓、成品艺术墓、传统成品墓、草坪卧碑墓、绿色环保墓、室内葬等多种墓穴。

财务报表显示,2016年福寿园公司营收12.7亿元,其中近9成来自于墓地服务,毛利超过10亿元,净利润4.5亿元,其中墓地服务毛利率高达81%,整体毛利率超过79%,而负债率仅5.6%。

合肥市小蜀山陵园是合肥市民政局下属的事业单位,是一座公益性公墓。有独立墓碑和占地的墓位售价约在3万元至5万元。办公室工作人员李露说:“公墓和经营性墓地的价格相差很多,同样规格的硬质墓位在经营性公墓的价格至少在10倍以上。”

与之形成鲜明对比的是,大蜀山文化陵园是上海福寿园集团旗下的陵园,在合肥属于“高端”经营性公墓。一位销售部人员表示,陵园的墓位除了生态葬以外主要有艺术墓碑、草坪、景观几种,其中景观墓位占地最小,艺术墓碑价格最高,且根据位置、风水、定制要求等有不同价格。而记者采访的多家殡葬公司和一些逝者家属表示,这些“高端墓”的价格“最便宜的近10万元,最贵的售价几十万甚至百万”。

 管控加力抑制违规出售

利益诱惑也带来违规之风,违规审批、变更使用性质等现象突出。近年来,天津、河北、安徽、江苏等多地被曝出存在非法经营性公墓、违规对外销售公益性公墓等行为。

有知情人透露,由于存在巨大需求,环北京周边将农村公益性公墓变成经营性公墓的情况多发,一些地方故意将公益性公墓做大规模,只有少部分被当地村民消化,剩下的违规向城镇居民销售,而开发商则与当地村委会进行合作,从中获得高额利润。

此外,经调查核实,从2014年8月至2016年7月26日,海口颜春岭安乐园共预售墓穴331个,其中,不符合预售条件违规预售13个,符合预售条件但预售材料不齐全的128个。澄迈海福陵园预售墓穴33个,不符合预售条件违规预售1个。

由于利益驱动,一些炒墓者也蠢蠢欲动。2016年11月,东莞市中级人民法院终审判决“坟爷”林耀昌非法占用农用地罪、行贿罪成立。多年来,林耀昌在广东陆丰大肆违法承建、出售公墓,牵扯多位相关部门官员。

“外地人来清远买墓地目前没有什么限制,只要出示火化证明、死亡证明等,证明这个人确实已经去世了就可以。”孖龙山陵园有限公司总经理助理邓居付告诉记者,清远当地有死后三年再下葬的传统,因而买墓多年不下葬的情况不少,“不排除有钻空子‘炒墓’的情况,但在现有的政策和法规下,墓穴都要‘实名制’,起码不可能大规模大面积炒了。”

“现在合肥都要凭火化证明才能买墓,想提前买了囤着、或是‘炒墓’很难,墓地也不能交易。但即使有火化证明,要想买那种有墓碑的墓位也很难,特别是大蜀山文化陵园这种高端项目更难买,即使找关系也不一定能立即买到。”合肥大自然殡葬礼仪服务有限公司一位经理介绍说,“我们以前还做代买公墓的服务,现在这项业务已经停了。”

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