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德国曼海姆首次为自行车举行诞辰200周年系列庆典活动

2017-04-22 10:41:52   国际在线

“两只轮子两百年”主题展

国际在线报道(中国国际广播电台驻德国记者 阮佳闻):说到德国巴登-符腾堡州的第三大城市曼海姆,人们可能最先想到的是汽车发明之城1886年,卡尔·本茨造出的世界上第一辆汽车在此驶上街头。但实际上,曼海姆可以称得上是交通工具的发源地。因为在这里问世的还有1921年传奇的兰茨斗牛犬拖拉机和1929年尤里乌斯·哈特里制造的全球第一架火箭式飞机。然而,追溯到更久以前,最早在曼海姆被发明出来的其实是自行车,今年,曼海姆首次为庆祝自行车发明举办200周年系列庆典活动

1817年,一位叫作卡尔·德莱斯的男爵在位于莱茵河和内卡河交汇处的大学城里发明了世界上首辆获得专利认可的两轮自行车。他制造出一辆有把手的脚踏木马自行车,并在前轮上装置了一个方向把手,这是人们第一次看到不用马拉的车子,也是当代自行车的原型。

今年,曼海姆首次为庆祝自行车发明举办200周年系列庆典活动。其中,最先登场的就是曼海姆科技博物馆从2016年11月11日起向公众开放的“两只轮子两百年:德莱斯男爵与自行车的历史”主题展览。博物馆的新闻发言人玛丽特·特尔林表示,希望参观者可以通过这个展览深入了解自行车及其发明者背后的历史与故事:“我们之所以策划这样一个展览是因为曼海姆今年6月11日迎来自行车诞生200年的生日。馆内陈列的上百辆自行车展品在时间跨度上从1817年贯穿至今。其中有着多年历史的古董自行车可以说是一大亮点,包括两辆附有德莱斯专利证明的第一代自行车真品。这样的完全按照德莱斯最初的设计制造出来的初代自行车在世界范围内仅存三辆。此外,各个时期的传奇自行车相信也能勾起参观者的回忆。高轮车、斜躺车、小轮车、载重车、特需车、电动车等等应有尽有。”

特尔林告诉记者,博物馆的自行车主题展在3月迎来了第5万名参观者,相信这一持续到6月25日的展览接下来还会吸引更多的人,尤其是带孩子的家长。一位带着自己4岁和7岁儿子前来观展的父亲就是特地从临近城市赶来曼海姆的:“(父亲)说说这个展览怎么样?(儿子)我觉得很有意思。还有那种小丑的自行车,超大,可好玩了。(父亲)还有坐上去体验骑行的项目,信息很全面,发展史等等,孩子们理解起来也很容易,很贴心的展览。”

而除了相关的主题展览之外,曼海姆计划在全年围绕自行车举办的大大小小、内容和形式多样的活动多达约两百个。当地市政府甚至为此在4年前专门成立了自行车200周年纪念工作小组,进行纪念庆典的策划。其中包括比如小剧场骑行,即参与者从市中心地标骑自行车到户外看露天电影,而且电影放映所需的电也全部依靠大家骑行来提供。再比如规模最大的活动6月11日、12日持续两天的“曼海姆自行车节”。届时曼海姆的中心城区一半的区域不仅车辆无法通行,甚至路面上都不允许停车,以便同期开展游戏、竞技比赛、艺术展、演示等自行车相关活动。

尤其值得一提的是,去年刚和曼海姆缔结友好城市的青岛也参与到了庆典活动中。曼海姆市外办主任大卫·林泽介绍说:“为了这次庆祝活动,我们之前向曼海姆的友好城市青岛赠送了一辆自行车,如今正在收集来自青岛的图文反馈,也就是说这辆自行车在中国经历了哪些故事、谁骑过了它等等。在庆祝自行车诞生200周年的大背景下,这绝对算得上是一个非常棒的中德项目。”

当下,随着人们对环保和健康的愈发重视,有越来越多的声音开始呼吁让自行车回归城市,放慢生活的脚步。曼海姆市政府200周年纪念工作小组的负责人亚库瑟·本茨表示,这其实也是举办这一系列庆典的目的:“所有的活动都基于一条宗旨,那就是激发人们对骑行产生更浓厚的兴趣,尽可能多地在出行中选择骑自行车,进而提高城市人口中把自行车作为常用交通工具的比例。”

本茨希望,每年举办自行车节未来能够成为曼海姆的一项传统,因为这已经与周年无关,而是为了崇尚一种可持续发展的生活方式。

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