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振兴实体经济 让企业家更有奔头(热点聚焦·【明年经济怎么干】③)

2016-12-23 17:31:16   

与此同时,今年中央经济工作会议进一步提出,要降低各类交易成本特别是制度性交易成本,减少审批环节,降低各类中介评估费用,降低企业用能成本,降低物流成本。会议还特别强调要加强对各种所有制组织和自然人财产权的保护。保护企业家精神,支持企业家专心创新创业。

“营改增以来,一些采购成本较高的制造业企业和小微企业获得的实惠比较明显,不过减税的受益面还有待扩大。实际操作中,不少中小企业增值税抵扣额度还不够,其中又有很多是集中在服务业的民营企业。”缪荣说,当前中国税费体系较为庞杂,基层执行者自由裁量权又相对较大,这不利于后续减税降费政策的进一步落实。因此,未来我们在降低企业负担时不仅要注重简化税制的顶层设计,也要注重减少征税环节的灰色地带,形成稳定预期。

在产权保护方面,缪荣则表示,不久前印发的《中共中央 国务院关于完善产权保护制度依法保护产权的意见》以及此次中央经济工作会议的表态针对性强,措施也很到位,让企业家们看到了希望。明年,我们应在落实上下功夫,特别是推动形成包含独立第三方、能够反映企业家诉求的主体责任机构,从一批“争议大”“关注度高”的典型案件做起。

关键领域拥抱民资

减轻税费降成本,保护产权稳人心,降低门槛拓市场。苏宁金融研究院宏观经济研究中心主任黄志龙指出,历史上中国实体经济比较景气繁荣的时期,民间投资的积极性都比较高。当前,民间投资面临许多盈利前景较好的行业准入门槛高、融资难、税负重等一系列困境,而振兴实体经济则必须以振兴民间投资为条件。

针对国企主导国民经济支柱行业效率偏低、民企又难以进入的问题,中央经济工作会议给出了明确的方向,即:按照完善治理、强化激励、突出主业、提高效率的要求,在电力、石油、天然气、铁路、民航、电信、军工等领域的国企混合所有制改革中迈出实质性步伐。

“加强上述领域的混合所有制改革、拥抱民资,无疑将为民企进入相关市场提供便利。这既有利于提高民间投资积极性,又能打破以往行业内‘国企独大’的格局,为国企经营效率提升注入新动力。最终,国企民企各得其所,共同推动实体经济振兴。”缪荣表示。

此外,振兴实体经济亦离不开外资。商务部研究院区域经济合作中心主任张建平指出,一方面,跨国公司的高标准、新理念、新模式能够对中国实体经济产生“示范效应”和“倒逼效应”;另一方面,中国实体企业的实力也在增强,通过“引进来”也可进一步提升实力。张建平表示,随着中国经济实力的增强,中国需要更广阔的空间优化资源配置,推动双向开放,吸引优质外资,从而对振兴实体经济和经济结构调整产生更大推动力。

(责编:崔东)

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