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“告别”非公募基金会

2016-12-20 10:31:33   

对于公募的项目,募捐或执行周期若超过半年,基金会至少需要每三个月公开一次募捐或项目实施情况。而对于定向募捐的项目,慈善法只提出“应当及时向捐赠人告知”,没有具体的时间要求。

也因此,尽管认同打破公募、非公募的界限有利于慈善组织的竞争,华民慈善基金会理事长卢德之还是更愿意让基金会保留非公募的形态,做成一个接近家族性的私人基金会。在资金充裕的条件下,保留非公募的形态往往容易体现捐赠者的意图,比如说理事会当前想探索的公益国际化的路线。

公募权带来的不只是机遇,更多是挑战。基金会若试图转型,远不只是遵循法律规定那么简单。

2014年转为公募身份后,上海真爱梦想公益基金会增加了两名新理事,分别来自公共媒体传播和大数据领域,基金会内部的IT系统多次迭代,以提高信息公开、内部治理的能力。

新阳光慈善基金会获得公募权的第一年,由于主要捐赠企业效益不佳等原因,筹资额下降了。刘正琛坦言,新阳光还没有及时调整战略,建立公募能力。公募意味着面向社会公众,需要推广、社交媒体营销,这些能力是非公募基金会的短板。

在网络募捐兴起的2015年,新阳光的全年筹资达到3600万元,是上年的三倍,其中约1600万元来自网络平台,非互联网募捐也比过去高很多。

光鲜的背后是代价。刘正琛的2015年有120多天都在出差中度过。他的体会是,移动互联网平台上的募捐,意味着生活和工作没有了界限。在非公募时期,基金会不需太多专职人员。2015年以来,新阳光增加了20多个工作人员,其中有一半全职为基金会的病床学校项目服务。

一些业内人士认同,获得公募资格的同时,必将付出更多精力应对公众在信息披露等方面的要求,而非公募身份有利于基金会在擅长的慈善领域深耕。

彭翔说,偏隐性的社会问题,由非公募基金会的形式来推动解决,或许更具优势。“公开筹款有时靠的就是眼泪指数,比如救急、救贫、救助孤残等,容易理解,但公众不那么能感受到环保、文化艺术等事业的迫切性。”她认为,在企业基金会,三五年或者更久才能看到成效的项目更容易推行,基金会有条件按照自身的打算按部就班地推进。

招商局慈善基金会副秘书长李海也表示,有时必须突破人们眼睛所能看到的现象层面的内容。在公众筹款中把资金都给予眼泪指数更高的项目,并不是很好的解决方案。

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