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用好价格杠杆推动能源变革

2016-11-16 17:04:18   经济日报

当前,我国新能源产业迎来大好发展机遇,但同样面临着许多困难和挑战,高成本仍是新能源发电发展的主要障碍。

技术持续进步和市场规模的不断扩大,已经成为我国新能源产业降低成本的主要路径,但是适合新能源产业健康发展的市场体系远不成熟。朱明表示,“十三五”将是我国新能源产业发展的关键时期,我们在“十三五”时期的主要任务就是通过市场竞争的方式配置资源,推进建设有利于可再生能源发展的市场体系,不断推动新能源发电成本的下降和技术水平的上升,早日实现不依赖国家补贴的自我持续发展。

利用市场手段促进可再生能源发展,必须让市场配置资源的决定性作用发挥出来。在发达国家,美国各州通过法案建立了可再生能源市场份额制度和绿色证书制体系,德国也通过不断修订《可再生能源法》建立了明确的补贴制度。根据我国的国情、非化石能源消费比重目标和可再生能源开发利用目标的要求,政府也提出要建立全国统一的可再生能源绿色证书交易机制,从而更多发挥市场力量,推动能源的市场化走向。

“为了加快补贴的退出,我们最近也在深入研究国际上比较普遍采用的可再生能源发电配额考核和绿色证书交易制度,希望采取市场化的方式来确定补贴的额度,同时逐步减少对财政直接补贴资金的需求。”朱明透露。

除此之外,还需要通过微电网、新能源示范城市等示范工作大力推动分布式能源的发展。只有这样,才能确保新能源产业成为实现2020年和2030年非化石能源分别占一次能源消费比重15%和20%目标的重要支撑力量。

“一方面,巴黎气候协定带来了很好的市场前景,另一方面,我国发电成本快速下降,为市场的推广奠定了基础。再加上将来的市场还会演变向多元化发展,我们的市场前景是没有问题的。”中国光伏行业协会秘书长王勃华说。

(相关报道见第八版)

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