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两部门就完善股权激励和技术入股税收政策答记者问

2016-09-22 16:48:09   财政部网站

 3、问:此次调整和完善股权激励税收政策的主要考虑是什么?

答:随着大众创业、万众创新的形势不断高涨,科技成果转化活动日益活跃,与之相关的股权激励等税收政策日益成为社会关注的焦点。一些非上市公司为吸引人才,也比照上市公司实施了股权激励。与上市公司相比,非上市公司股权变现能力较弱,公司未来经营发展的不确定性较大,他们希望给予进一步税收优惠,包括调整股权激励的纳税时点,降低适用税率等,以减轻税收负担。

为深入贯彻全国科技创新大会精神,充分调动广大科研人员的积极性,促进国家创业创新战略的实施,使科技成果最大程度转化为现实生产力,财税部门在参考借鉴国际经验的基础上,结合我国科技成果转化的具体情况和问题,对现行股权激励税收政策进行调整完善。一是借鉴欧美发达国家经验,将股权激励分为可享受税收优惠的和不可享受税收优惠的两大类,在规定严格限制条件的前提下,对符合条件的非上市公司股权激励实施递延纳税优惠政策;二是扩大现行优惠政策的覆盖范围,由高校、科研机构、高新技术企业等扩大到其他参与创新创业的市场主体,优惠政策针对的股权激励方式也由目前的股权奖励扩大到股票(权)期权、限制性股票等其他方式;三是在优惠方式上,对符合条件的股权激励实施递延纳税政策,同时降低适用税率。上述政策调整有效降低了股权激励的税收负担,将进一步激发和释放科研人员创新创业的活力和积极性。

 4、问:此次调整后股权激励税收政策有何变化,对纳税人税负有怎样的影响?

答:按照调整前的税收政策,企业给予员工的股票(权)期权、限制性股票、股权奖励等,员工应在行权等环节,按照“工资薪金所得”项目,适用3-45%的7级累进税率征税;对员工之后转让该股权获得的增值收益,则按“财产转让所得”项目,适用20%的税率征税。

为减轻股权激励获得者的税收负担,解决其当期纳税现金流不足问题,此次政策调整,一是对非上市公司符合条件的股票(权)期权、限制性股票、股权奖励,由分别按“工资薪金所得”和“财产转让所得”两个环节征税,合并为只在一个环节征税,即纳税人在股票(权)期权行权、限制性股票解禁以及获得股权奖励时暂不征税,待今后该股权转让时一次性征税,以解决在行权等环节纳税现金流不足问题;二是在转让环节的一次性征税统一适用20%的税率,比原来税负降低10-20个百分点,有效降低纳税人税收负担。上述政策进一步加大了对创新创业的支持力度,对于激励科技人员创新创业、增强经济发展活力、促进我国经济结构转型升级将发挥重要作用。

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