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两部门就完善股权激励和技术入股税收政策答记者问

2016-09-22 16:48:09   财政部网站

财政部税政司 国家税务总局所得税司有关负责人就完善股权激励和技术入股税收政策答记者问

2016年9月22日 来源:税政司

为支持国家大众创业、万众创新战略的实施,促进我国经济结构转型升级,9月22日,财政部、国家税务总局联合印发《关于完善股权激励和技术入股有关所得税政策的通知》(财税〔2016〕101号)。为使公众全面准确了解相关政策内容,财政部税政司、国家税务总局所得税司有关负责人就相关问题回答了记者提问。

1、问:我国股权激励总体发展情况如何?

答:我国企业股权激励始于20世纪90年代,直到2005年股权分置改革后才真正启动。2005年《上市公司股权激励管理办法(试行)》和2014年《上市公司实施员工持股计划试点指导意见》的出台,推动了股权激励制度快速发展。2006年披露股权激励方案的上市公司只有44家,2015年已增长到557家。国有非上市科技型企业自2009年起在中关村、东湖、张江、合芜蚌等地区开展股权与分红激励试点,2014年底试点单位初步统计约230家。2016年3月1日国家出台实施了《国有科技型企业股权和分红激励暂行办法》(财资[2016]4号),即在上市公司和民营企业之外,国有科技型企业股权激励也将呈迅速扩大趋势。目前,我国股权激励方式主要有股票期权、股权期权、限制性股票、股权奖励、股权出售、员工持股计划等,此外还有技术成果投资入股方式。

2、问:我国目前股权激励相关的税收政策主要有哪些?

答:对于股票期权、股权期权、限制性股票和股权奖励等股权激励方式,现行税收政策的一般性规定是:在期权行权、限制性股票解禁以及获得股权奖励时,按照股票(股权)实际购买价格与公平市场价格之间的差额,按照“工资、薪金所得”项目,适用3-45%的7级超额累进税率征收个人所得税;在个人转让上述股票(股权)时,对转让收入高于取得股票(股权)时公平市场价格的增值部分,按“财产转让所得”项目,适用20%的比例税率征税。对于企业或个人以技术成果投资入股,在投资入股环节,按照技术成果评估增值额确认应税所得,计算缴纳企业所得税或个人所得税,同时允许在5年内分期纳税。

现行有关税收优惠政策主要集中在股权奖励和技术入股两方面,具体包括4项政策:一是对科研机构、高校转化职务科技成果给予个人的股权奖励,允许个人递延至分红或转让股权时缴税。二是对全国高新技术企业转化科技成果给予相关人员的股权奖励,实行5年分期纳税政策。三是2014年-2015年在中关村试点高新技术企业和科技型中小企业的股权奖励,允许递延至分红或转让股权时缴税。四是企业或个人以非货币性资产(包括技术成果)投资入股,对资产评估增值所得允许5年内分期缴税。

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