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除了刨宫产、顺产还有“无痛生产” 盘点“无痛分娩”在全球普及情况
魏伟琼介绍,“四年前我生我女儿前一个月左右医生介绍了什么是无痛分娩技术,问我是否使用。我个人对痛感非常敏感,所以我毫不犹豫地选择了,之后约见麻醉师进行一系列体检,一切正常才最终确定可以使用无痛分娩。如果之前没有选择,不可以生的时候临时要求,无痛分娩对麻醉师的要求很高,必须根据个人情况进行提前的准备。生孩子当天麻醉师告诉我,我共有五次注射,可以选择什么时候开始,如果产程太长可能会出现后期没有麻醉,让我自己掌握。麻醉针管连着调节器,跟打吊针一样,可以自行调节麻药强度,由于我孩子的脑袋比较大,一直出不来,在17个小时以后我发烧了,被转为紧急剖腹。虽然我最终没有顺产,但对无痛技术的满意度很高,的确减轻了很多痛感。最近有一些声音质疑法国是否过度使用无痛分娩技术,他们认为医生只是一味说好的方面而不提坏的一面,毕竟是麻醉会使产妇感觉不到宫缩,不知何时该用力,这样可能会延长产程,同时增加顺产不成被迫剖腹的风险。因此他们主张应延迟使用无痛分娩技术,甚至能不用则不用。”
如果说生产的疼痛是准妈妈们一定会提前关注、并尽量让自己做好准备的一个话题,孩子的爸爸可能对这一点就不那么容易感同身受了。
全球华语广播网澳大利亚观察员胡方的两个孩子都在澳大利亚出生的,据胡方介绍,在澳洲基本上所有的医院妇产科都提供无痛分娩针,公立医院免费提供给产妇使用,任何产妇都可以针对自身情况申请使用无痛分娩针。但澳洲的产科医护人员会首先给产妇提供更自然的减痛法,比如呼吸法、健身球、淋浴、水中减痛、热敷等方法,如果产妇忍受不了疼痛,会提供吸笑气、打吗啡等药物帮助,最后产妇还是忍受不了,则会遵照产妇的要求提供无痛分娩针。该无痛分娩针基本可以减少80%左右的疼痛,不少产妇曾经将使用无痛分娩针比喻成“一秒从地狱到天堂”。
在澳大利亚使用无痛分娩针也有要求,首先产妇的身体条件达标,没有相关既往病史,医生会建议一般无痛分娩针在产程的前半程,产妇开四指之前予以使用,如果到产程的后半程,医生会不建议使用,以免影响后边产妇自主生产时的意识和力量的使用。同时使用无痛分娩针之前,专业的麻醉医生会跟产妇以及其家属详细的解释使用该针存在的风险以及有可能的后遗症,然后让产妇签字,最后进行注射无痛分娩针。据胡方了解,澳大利亚使用无痛分娩针的产妇比例不是很高,大部分产妇都倾向于选择更自然的减痛法,也有不少准妈妈在进产房之前已经做好决定,一定要使用无痛分娩针,她们会早早与助产室沟通好,联系好麻醉师,麻醉师的整个准备过程起码得要半个小时以上。
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