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棉花 迎来阶段性上涨行情

2017-09-08 09:07:06   中国经济网

政策调整推进纺织行业改革

基差走弱,储备棉成交持续火爆。2017年8月,2016/2017年度储备棉轮出累计上市68.21万吨,成交总量56.51万吨,成交比例82.9%,较上月增加16.44万吨。8月新疆棉上市量21.26万吨,成交21.24万吨;地产棉上市量46.95万吨,成交量35.27万吨。非纺织企业成交28.99万吨,占比51.3%。其中,新疆棉约3万吨,地产棉约26万吨。

自8月以来,地产棉成交均价与CF1801合约价格走势出现明显分歧,基差由-800元/吨迅速走弱至-1600元/吨。基差快速走弱且长时间维持低位给棉花贸易商提供了充分的套利机会,诸多大型棉花贸易商买入相对廉价的地产储备棉并做空CF1801期货合约,以期能在基差走强时获得基差变化的收益。这也使得储备棉的成交率在投放时间延长至9月底的靴子落地后,维持在100%附近。

禁止贸易商参与竞拍,缓解公检压力只是目的之一。连续四周的高比例成交给储备棉的公检带来了一定压力。9月1日储备棉轮出挂牌数量2.82万吨,为本年度首次低于2.9万吨。9月2日棉花信息网轮出预告显示9月4日挂牌数量再创本年度新低,下滑至2.5万吨。3日重发预告将挂牌数量上调至2.81万吨,但仍旧不足2.9万吨。挂牌数量的下滑与预告的反复调整显示出当前储备棉公检存在一定压力。

9月3日,中储棉管理总公司与全国棉花交易市场联合发布《关于2016/2017年度储备棉轮出有关事项的公告》(下称公告)。公告指出,9月4日至9月29日轮出期间,只允许棉纺织企业参与竞买储备棉,并仅限于本企业自用。“禁止贸易商参与竞拍”的传言被证实,不单单反映了有关部门对于挂牌资源不充足的担忧,希望以此来有效降低企业竞拍热情,同时也将各类代理竞拍业务关进了“小黑屋”。

贸易融资受限,棉纺行业“供给侧改革”若隐若现。我国纺织行业集中度低、规模跨度大,万锭规模的小型纺织企业比比皆是。尤其是2016年储备棉市场化定价以来,这类小纺织企业在低成本的优势下重新焕发出生机与活力。但是小纺织企业资金紧张、产品同质化严重,工业利润微薄,因此代理竞拍与各类棉花贸易商成为这类企业最佳的资金来源与融资渠道。

因此,当有关部门阻断了储备棉通过贸易加杠杆流向小纺织企业这条通道后,无疑扼住了这类企业的咽喉,其效果无异于棉纺织行业的“供给侧结构性改革”。笔者推测,当我国储备棉去库存步入尾声,纺织行业的下一步改革将是与“一带一路”相结合的产业结构优化,通过对小型纺织企业的淘汰、整合来提高上游定价能力。而此次的政策调整,便是推进改革的第一步。

纺纱利润有望增加

棉纺织行业加工利润存在扩大的驱动力。短期来看,地产棉与1801合约的基差将进一步走弱。而处在亏损状态的基差交易头寸很难对市场形成有效的供应,因此小型纺织企业的原料来源将受到极大的限制,行业开工率将出现明显下降。

长周期来看,产业结构的调整将使得规模化大型企业定价话语权增强,产业利润将出现恢复性增长。因此对于稳健投资者来说,可在CY1801与CF1801合约价差7300元/吨附近时,做多CY1801合约、做空CF1801合约。

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