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传承工匠精神 升级中国制造 需要先培育“大国巧匠”
2017-09-07 15:02:15 中国青年网
日本的教育体现在 “改善”两个字上,所有一切都在改善当中,所以日本人在各方面都很细致,这些细致始于改善,而改善又增加了细致。这两个国家的教育文化里,匠人的培养已深入人心。他们有一大批世界一流的巧匠,有匠心,有匠魂的大国巧匠。
反观,我们中国传统教育,最糟糕的一个地方就是望子成龙的文化。“万般皆下品,唯有读书高”,本质是后面的“学而优则仕”!读书为了当官,有权有势。哪怕当不了官,也要通过读书,争取将来花最少的力气,动口不动手,挣最多的钱。这样的理念,本质是自私和利益!这样的理念,自然是培养不出大国巧匠的。日本的一流匠人比比皆是。但在中国,有一技之长的匠人却并不太为人们所关注。两个如此近邻的国家,却有那么大的不同,这是什么原因造成的?当然主要还是文化。那就是我们这个国家还需强化“职业不分贵贱,人不分尊卑”的社会风气。手艺人没有得到相应的社会地位。
培养大国巧匠,全社会要重温墨家思想,要解决的问题是:人与人不分尊卑,各种职业不分贵贱。也就是说,一个摸鼠标的跟一个摸斧头的人必须是平等的,搞导弹的和买茶叶蛋的人也是平等的。全社会人与人之间,发自内心地对所有职务和职业的人一样相互尊重,不能有所不同。墨家是哲学、思想、实践融为一体的,最和世界文明、特别是当代文明接轨。墨家思想就是讲究人人平等——“职业不分贵贱,人不分尊卑。”
匠士学位创始人聂圣哲把普通的木工培养成匠士巧匠,从2003年至今,已培养出了400多名木工匠士。2014年,“匠士”李涅在世界木文化节上捧起了奖杯。2015年4月,在土耳其举办的第二届世界青年木家具制作邀请赛上,“匠士”吴忌作为中国唯一参赛代表获得传统工艺奖,成为9名最终获奖者之一。2016年3月25日,在“2016·国际青年家具制作大奖赛”上,中国唯一参赛选手“匠士”徐长军在70多个国家参赛选手中脱颖而出,成绩突出,荣获评委会授予的技能(technique)大奖。给匠士授予匠士学位,带匠士帽、着匠士服、开匠士毕业典礼,开了中国职业教育的先河,此举具有划时代的意义。让木工匠士和大学教授一样享有同等的荣誉,一样受到尊重。
“这些年,公司一线产业工人待遇和社会地位有了新的提高。”全国青联委员、中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限公司首席技能专家洪家光说,越来越多的青年人转变观念,愿意从事技术工人的工作,这对于积累青年技术型人才、发扬工匠精神意义重大。
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