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为保证义务教育资源公平分配 地方出台规定抽签分班

2017-09-03 14:20:50   央广网

不满足于学校教学的孩子,就会在课外上补习班,或者去私立学校。私立学校为了扩大优秀毕业生辈出的名声,很多都会设立重点班。进入重点班的标准主要是入学成绩优秀,入学后成绩优异,出勤率等学习态度,或其他方面是模范,运动或文化活动上获得过优异成绩的学生。

私立学校学费比较贵,学校为了招收优秀的学生,会给重点班的学生免除一年几十万日元的学费,但是重点班每年根据成绩重新调整,如果成绩不好就会被转入普通班级,那就要正常的缴纳学费了,因此就算是入学考试时考入了重点班,家长也还是要考虑到缴纳公立学校十倍左右学费的可能性。有的私立学校还有重点班中的重点班,比如有的高中还有以考入首都圈、公立、国立大学和最难的私立大学为目标的重点选拔班。

俄罗斯:从初中开始分班 强中弱分班方式争议不断

多年来,以学习成绩来分班的方式,在俄罗斯一直争议不断。《全球华语广播网》俄罗斯观察员张舜衡介绍,所谓的“强弱班”在俄罗斯的小学阶段基本不存在,大多是从初中开始分班;比如从7年级左右。稍微有规模的学校,还分为强中弱班。规模大的学校则可能是按照强弱和字母表的顺序一起分班。

俄罗斯教育界权威杂志曾邀请不同领域的教育学专家们讨论强弱班的分班方式,并发表了一篇聪明的分在左边、漂亮的分在右边的文章。令人意外的是,所有专家的观点、角度各有不同,但最终都支持分强弱班。俄罗斯教育方法论的专家认为分到弱班或者差班的家长,不能赌气地认为自己的孩子绝对不比别人家的差,而要对孩子的兴趣、毅力、记忆力,以及集中注意力的能力等实际技能,多测试、多了解,真正挖掘出孩子的潜力,更渴望学习的知识领域,以及提前做好职业规划;而不是将分班作为一个人生侮辱点。

俄罗斯一名中学教师认为分了强弱班后,实际上学校更好地照顾学习比较吃力的学生,差班的教学计划需要教师更多的耐心,可针对不同的学生进行差别化、个性化的授课方式,绝不是认为差班、弱班就放弃教学,敷衍了事,更不能粗暴地对待差生,喊出不爱学习就滚,不要在学校浪费时间等等词语。俄罗斯社会本身并没有留给这些差生离开学校还能轻松混生活的印象,相比强班,教师对差生要抱有希望,并不是每个孩子都是天才,但每个孩子都一定有能力。

最后俄罗斯教育心理学家认为,即使在每个强班也可以分为强中弱不同等级的学生,每个弱班也是同样如此。强弱分班后的学生,不能永远是固定的,差生通过补课等方式加倍学习也一样能进入强班,强弱分班能够营造出一种竞争的氛围,如果孩子没有野心或者自暴自弃,教师也不能责怪,更不能撒手不管,而是尽可能地让孩子融入学校和班级生活,教师要更多和家长沟通,了解学生的生活环境等等。

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