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筑牢生态文明的司法屏障

2017-08-27 06:11:45   中国青年网

行为保全是人民法院对于可能因当事人一方的行为或者其他原因,使判决难以执行或者造成当事人其他损害时,责令其作出一定行为或者禁止其作出一定行为。

此次北京四中院在环境民事公益诉讼中首次适用行为保全制度,就是发挥行为保全可以对正在发生或可能发生的危害行为予以禁止的功效,预防性地采取执行措施,以获得环境保护和治理的最大效益。

环境民事公益诉讼案件类型多样,涉及水、土壤、海洋、森林、大气、动植物保护、人文遗迹等。目前,北京法院已受理的12件环境民事公益诉讼中,以土壤、水环境污染居多。

生态环境一旦受到污染破坏,具有损害不可逆和难以治理恢复的特点,必须及时采取停止侵害、消除危险的措施。

陕西省渭南市临渭区秦岭北麓有桥南、阳郭2个镇,区域内有沋河水源涵养林保护区等重要生态保护区。但是因当地群众环境保护意识不强,生活垃圾及其他废弃物露天随意倾倒、堆放的问题普遍存在,给周边生态环境造成了污染。从今年4月陕西检察机关集中开展保护秦岭生态环境专项监督活动以来,临渭区人民检察院依据检察机关提起公益诉讼的相关规定,向临渭区阳郭镇人民政府发出检察建议,要求其依法履行职责,对未采取防治措施而随意倾倒生活垃圾及其他废弃物的行为依法妥善处置,并制定行之有效的整治方案和措施,消除对生态环境的影响。

过去5年,司法机关筑牢生态文明的司法屏障,及时对将要发生的污染破坏行为予以预防,对正在发生的污染破坏行为予以制止。一系列创新举措,汇聚成对社会环境公共利益实现最大保护的法治力量。

环境资源审判逐步专业化

近年来,全国法院加大对污染环境、破坏生态违法犯罪行为的惩治力度,促进生态环境修复改善和自然资源合理开发利用。

这些绿色司法成绩单得益于我国环境资源审判专门机构建设的新进展,构建多元共治机制再上新台阶。

截至今年4月,全国法院共设立环境资源审判庭、合议庭和巡回法庭956个。福建、河南、贵州、江苏、海南、重庆设立三级环境资源审判组织体系。

最高人民法院发布的《中国环境资源审判(2016—2017)》(白皮书)显示,全国法院依法保障自然人、法人和其他组织的人身权、财产权及各项环境权益取得新成效。其中,环境公益诉讼案件地域范围逐步扩展,起诉主体日趋多元。

司法手段越专业,守护绿水青山的法治力量就越强大。5年来,我国生态文明建设逐步进入法治化、制度化轨道。

目前,绿色司法领域中还存在检察机关在公益诉讼中的诉讼地位不够明确、由于法检两院司法改革推进不同步形成的环境公益诉讼案件管辖、公益诉讼案件与行政案件和刑事案件的衔接等问题,依照新修改的民事诉讼法和行政诉讼法,这些问题将进一步在相关司法文件中予以明确。

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