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水资源税改革,不只是费改税

2017-08-25 04:16:46   中国青年网

河北华电石家庄热电有限公司有深井24眼,为公司生产唯一水源。费改税后,水价同比升高2倍至3倍。“公司面临水费上涨带来成本大幅增加的严峻形势,计划实施制水系统改造,采用城市再生水取代地下水,大力通过‘管理节水、结构性节水、技术进步节水’促进节约用水。”该公司总经理张建伟说。

从河北全省情况看,2016年总用水量比2015年减少4.6亿吨。同时,抑制地下水超采作用显现,用水结构也显著优化,截至目前,河北省累计关停自备井935眼。

财政部等相关部委组织第三方机构评估认为,河北通过水资源税改革,税收调节社会用水需求的效应初步显现,一定程度上抑制了地下水超采,增强了社会特别是企业节约用水意识,对于水资源保护和节约使用将发挥积极作用。

探索协作征管模式

水资源税改革不同于此前其他税种改革的一个重要特点,是除了财税部门之外,还涉及其他行政部门的管理与配合。为此,财政部等三部门在《水资源税改革试点暂行办法》中提出,“建立地方税务机关与水行政主管部门协作征税机制”。这个机制如何具体落实?

河北省对征管职责分工、工作流程、管控模式作出精细设置,确保征管规范、服务高效。“通过一年多的摸索,河北形成了‘水利核准、纳税申报、地税征收、联合监管、信息共享’的水资源税改革模式,很多改革举措破解了长期存在的体制机制障碍。”李杰刚说。

根据分工,水利部门负责信息获取和核准,在规定时间内获取纳税人取用水信息,并及时向税务部门提供,地税部门比对水利部门提供的相关信息后征收税款。

“市县水利部门根据计量设施情况,采取不同的核定方式,截至2017年6月底,累计核定取用水量20.8亿立方米,为水资源税征收提供了准确依据。”河北省水利厅税改办常务副主任王英虎说。

地税和水利部门联合办公,实现一站式办理,同时推行网上办税、移动办税、自助办税,建立水资源税申报绿色通道。地税、水利部门还联合实施专项稽查和检查,加强税源监控、纳税评估等环节的信息比对、传递和利用工作,确保迅速发现征管风险点并加以避免。

在征管中,相关部门强化技术支撑,推进信息共享。河北研发取用水信息管理系统,搭建基础数据统一平台,水利部门录入更新纳税人用水计划、取水许可信息,地税部门录入更新纳税人识别号、税源编号、税源登记信息、征税金额等涉税信息,两部门均可随时查阅,保证了数据的一致性和水量核定书的顺利传递。

“河北水资源税试点不仅确保了水资源费税平稳转换,同时还为今后进一步推进环保税等地方税改革锻炼了队伍、积累了经验。”李杰刚表示。

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