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节水5亿多立方米 倒逼企业“精打细算”

2017-08-23 08:12:41   中国青年网

作为全国唯一一个水资源税改革试点的省份,河北正在为水资源节约保护蹚出一条“好路子”。

来自当地相关部门的信息显示,试点一年来,该省相对节约用水5.15亿立方米。

税收刚性作用发挥明显

河北省人均水资源量为全国平均水平的1/7,地下水超采总量及超采面积均占全国1/3。2016年3月,河北被中央确定为全国唯一的水资源税改革试点省份,要求在税制设立、水资源节约保护等方面探索新路子。

2016年7月1日起,河北省开始试点施行水资源“费”改“税”,并于当年8月1日开出我国历史上第一张水资源税票。

统计显示,截至今年7月份第12个征期结束,河北省水资源税纳税人户数由去年首个征期的7600余户增加到1.6万户,共申报水资源税18.36亿元,计税取水量20.22亿立方米,较2015年征收水资源费月均增幅94%。

水资源税试点一年,税收刚性作用发挥明显。根据河北11个地市526家相关企业问卷调查数据,5.1%的企业在改革试点后加大了节水设备投资,增加了新的节水设施;30.42%的企业计划新增有关节水设施。

钢铁业属高耗水行业,作为“钢铁大省”的河北,遍布着许多“用水大户”。如今,当地许多钢铁企业已逐步调整自身用水结构。据不完全统计,全省406家钢铁企业中有89家采取了节水措施,且这一数字还在不断增加。河钢集团唐钢公司在行业内率先实现工业水源全部取自城市中水,享受到了免征水资源税的优惠政策,少缴水资源税3000多万元,年节约新水1460万立方米。廊坊市前进钢铁公司投资建设“废水深度处理综合利用项目与雨水回收工程”,取用地下水不到用水总量的2%……

倒逼企业“精打细算”

在河北的水资源税改制度设计中,实行差别税额标准,鼓励使用再生水,合理使用地表水,抑制使用地下水的原则设定税额标准。通过对征收数据测算分析,河北地下水与地表水的税负相差4倍。洗车、高尔夫等特种行业被从高制定税额标准,综合单位税额达15.09元/立方米。

秦皇岛北戴河松石国际健身俱乐部经营的高尔夫球场,年均开采地下水4万立方米。“费改税”之前,实际收费标准为0.5元/立方米,改革后税率提高到10元/立方米。用水成本的急剧增加,使这些特种行业纳税人也开始“精打细算”,千方百计降低耗水量,转用地表水或中水。为了节省用水开支,企业对排水系统及灌溉系统进行了完善,加大对雨水的利用率,还采取减少灌溉、改种抗旱草皮植被等一系列措施节水,预计一年可节约用水一万立方米。

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