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追星揽月 精测妙控

2017-08-18 03:26:25   中国青年网

远程诊断——

为“中国卫星”把脉诊治

随着我国在轨卫星数量不断增多,卫星故障率也随之增加,迫切需要提高卫星远程诊断维修能力。为此,科技人员攻坚克难,以大数据作支撑,为每颗卫星做了一本详细的“档案”,令卫星故障诊断与维修水平显著提升

卫星在轨诊断与维修技术是卫星健康管理的关键和基础,一直是航天大国研究的重点领域。我国从上世纪70年代发射第一颗人造地球卫星至今,经过几代科技人员的努力,在航天器在轨管理与控制领域取得了长足进步,有力促进了我国航天工程的发展。

随着在轨卫星数量的不断增多,卫星故障率也随之增加,迫切需要提高卫星远程诊断维修能力。“地上人”诊断“天上星”的难度非常大,如果没有大数据作支撑,对卫星诊断维修只能是空中楼阁、无源之水。

测控中心按照单个卫星状态逐一信息化、所有卫星态势集中可视化、卫星大数据分析快速化3个步骤攻坚克难,为每颗卫星做了一本详细的“档案”,全力获取卫星诊断维修的“行医资格证”。

“2009年,我们管理卫星约为80多颗,卫星故障率为2.7次/天;2017年,卫星数量大幅增加,故障率却下降了一半。故障诊断与维修水平的提升,将很多故障消灭在了萌芽状态……”2017年2月,北京国家科技进步奖评选答辩会上,中心航天器长期管理部总工程师樊恒海用一组数字赢得了评委的认可。今年,由中心航天器故障诊断与维修专家组牵头,与10多所高校和科研院所联合研究的项目《基于信息整合的在轨航天器故障推演与仿真技术研究应用》,参评了国家科技进步一等奖,现已顺利通过三轮评选,进入最后审批阶段。

今年4月初,中心组织对北斗二代导航卫星进行整星健康检查,依靠自主研制的基于国产平台的分布式数据服务系统,科技人员仅用时5分钟,就完成了原先需要10个小时的检查过程,数据访问速度较原有系统提高了2个量级,卫星数据分析效率得到显著提升,为卫星机动过程诊断、长期趋势预测、健康状态分析奠定了坚实信息基础。

“我们收集整理了国内外1800余次故障案例,建立10多万条诊断知识,自主研发了这套航天器故障诊断专家系统,解决了航天器微小故障发现晚、分析慢、定位难等难题。”高级工程师李卫平说,系统运行以来,他们累计发现并解决卫星电源系统安全模式异常、充电阵异常等各类故障800余起。

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