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打工家庭走出大学生 留守儿童学习需要监督

2017-08-17 10:29:43   中国青年网

关爱比家庭条件更重要

“2017年高考状元问卷调查”显示,高考状元父母所从事的职业中,教师、公务员占比很高。“大多数高考状元的家庭环境确实不错,但我觉得这不能成为决定性因素。”刘能的班主任王丽娟说,今年她的班上以全校第一的成绩考上北大的孩子,就来自一个普通工人家庭,“学习成绩的好坏有很多影响因素。我觉得家庭的教育很重要,跟家庭条件没有绝对的关系。”陈思农的班主任阮芳老师也表示:“一般成绩好的孩子,家长都比较配合。”

中国青少年研究中心少年儿童研究所副研究员张旭东曾经访谈过一名湖南高二女生,父母双方在她上小学前就外出务工。她小学成绩不错,但上了初二以后成绩开始下降,到初三已经打算放弃学习。

“这时候,她的父亲回到家中住了一段时间。其间,父亲不仅经常与她交流,还与老师积极沟通。很快,她的功课就有了进步,最后考上了县重点中学。”张旭东表示,“儿童在学习上遇到困难有没有人帮助结果大不一样。父母的关心就是莫大的帮助。”

刘能的父母都是农民出身,学历只有初中毕业。父亲去外地打工赚钱,是家里的经济支柱,母亲则负责照顾儿子的起居生活,让他感受到关爱。

在北京一所初中教书的高薇薇告诉记者,他们班上有不少同学的父母都是外来务工人员,但这些父母对于孩子关心程度并不逊于北京本地孩子的父母:“他们都很愿意和老师沟通,有什么困难也会主动和我说,孩子的成绩也都不错。”

留守儿童学习需要帮助和监督

张庆敏老师在一所农村中学任教,她的班上有超过一半的学生是留守儿童,父母至少有一方在外地务工。张老师坦言,这个年龄段的孩子普遍学习自觉性不高,成绩不佳的居多。

更令张老师忧心的是,她感到这些留守儿童父母对孩子的关心并不是“真的”关心:“只是表现在考试考得怎么样。”

“真正的关心应该是让孩子感到有后盾,比如关心孩子成绩波动到底是为什么,关注平时的学习状态,父母对于孩子成绩的关心不能以考试为周期。”阮老师说。

张旭东曾就留守儿童的受教育情况做过全国范围的调查。她发现,大多数留守儿童家长并非不重视教育,而是不知道怎么教育:“在农村家庭,父母是孩子学习的主要帮助者和监督者,但父母外出务工后,留守儿童学习缺乏帮助和监督成为突出问题之一。”

张旭东认为,父母应该加强与孩子情感上的沟通,不要仅仅关注孩子的学习成绩,还应该全面了解孩子的学习生活状况:“在外务工的父母要及时了解孩子在学习方面的具体困难,和孩子一起想办法解决,同时还应该主动与老师联系,建立相对固定的联系周期。”

王青山现在已是两个孩子的爸爸,上午刚从英国开学术会议回来,接受完记者采访的他,下午就马不停蹄地陪着大女儿去上英语课外辅导。“我会尽可能陪伴她成长。”

刘能妈妈也告诉记者,儿子上大学后,她不用再在家照顾他,会外出务工为儿子攒学费:“希望他能读到研究生。”

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