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中国高铁知识产权保护体系亟待建构

2017-08-16 08:36:49   中国青年网

提高高铁知识产权保护水平

眼下,高铁已经迈出国门,各类有关知识产权保护的问题已经触发,当务之急是相关部门及时对高铁技术提供保护支持。

首先,采取综合手段应对先发国家的技术壁垒以及后发国家的技术盗取与复制。对于先发国家的技术壁垒,我们要加强高铁核心技术的知识产权保护,主要是提高技术人员对商业秘密的法律保护意识。实际上,对我国高铁技术未来发展造成更为严重后果的,是后发国家的技术盗取。因此,必须针对后发国家的威胁给出相应的对策。面对后发国家的技术窥探与盗取,发达国家常用的做法是在技术面世之时,便同时在本国、重要市场国家以及潜在市场国家申请专利,抢占专利高地。这一点我们完全可以借鉴。因而,我国高铁技术急需一个成熟的核心技术知识产权保护机制,一套完整的专利保护操作流程。关键技术问世前必须制定完整的专利申请战略,保证抢在盗窃者之前完成关键国家关键市场的专利申请。面对后发国家的技术复制与抄袭,则须据理力争,有针对性地提起专利侵权诉讼,坚决打击这种抄袭现象,并通过官方与舆论联动,在国际上形成压力,迫使侵权方尽快结束权利侵害,赔偿损失;同时,对于此类现象,要在国际上形成“人人喊打”的局面,发现一起起诉一起,绝不姑息。

其次,加强国内相关立法与相关制度的支持,提高专利审查质量和专利审判能力。我们要借鉴发达国家的经验,在审查过程中掌握较为严格的专利授权标准,尽可能地使授予的专利权稳定、有效。继续推进知识产权法院制度,设立知识产权法院,实行知识产权侵权和确权案件的合案审理。

最后,鼓励企业在海外通过各种途径维护自身技术的知识产权。聘请当地的律师团队,用更熟悉本地规则的律师来准备诉讼,可以省去很多不必要的麻烦。此外,可以选择与当地企业展开更密切的合作,组成战略联盟,发生知识产权冲突,由当地合作方出面保护知识产权,同样可以减少很多法外阻力以及不可控因素。在当地投资建厂,注册品牌也是一种减少法外阻力及不可控因素的方法之一,通过在当地投资建厂,雇佣当地员工,利用当地管理团队的影响力,可以更好地维护我们的知识产权。政府可以倡导海外企业组成知识产权保护联盟,在知识产权的保护问题上互相扶持,分享经验,共同应对挑战。政府也应该积极鼓励推动各个高铁企业加紧建立海外维权机制,并加强与外国政府的合作。目前,商务部成立“企业知识产权海外维权援助中心”,这有利于相关高铁企业了解国外的知识产权法律制度。

(作者单位:上海市人民检察院第三分院,上海铁路运输检察院)

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