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黑色煤海造绿洲

2017-08-15 08:01:09   中国青年网

截至2016年底,神华准能集团共投入土地复垦资金14.02亿元,完成复垦总面积2319.59公顷,种植各种乔、灌木6439.7802万株,地被植物17.13平方公里,植被平均覆盖率达80%以上,植被覆盖度比自然地貌提高2倍至3倍。

昔日的荒坡秃岭,如今已变成植被覆盖、草木茂盛的人工生态区,生态系统正向着良性循环方向发展。

生态园区前景可期

经过人工复垦的矿山征用土地土壤熟化后,表层土壤结构得到很好的改善,土壤有机质、氮、磷显著提高

2012年,神华准能集团在以植树造林为主的矿区复垦绿化工作基础上,提出了建设生态产业的新思路。

“通过现代生态农业建设,将使神华准能集团形成集生态设施农业、农业种植基地、现代畜牧养殖、生态景观防护林、农业观光、未来城市规划功能区、工业园区建设为一体,具有鲜明的煤炭矿区特色和一定规模的生态农业产业化示范基地。”秦泰说。

自2012年以来,神华准能集团先后在黑岱沟露天煤矿东、西排土场每年种植500亩土豆、玉米、黍子、大豆、油菜、黄芥等。同时完成了东西排土场灌溉系统、道路等基础设施建设工作,为以后的发展奠定了基础。

记者了解到,经过人工复垦的矿山征用土地土壤熟化后,表层土壤结构得到很好的改善,与矿区周边的自然生态系统比较,土壤有机质、氮、磷有显著的提高。在农作物的试种中,复垦区比原有农田增加产量3倍以上,牧草产量增长3倍至5倍。

“黑岱沟露天煤矿和哈尔乌素露天煤矿开采完以后,将形成约18万亩复垦治理土地。我们已经作了详细规划,准备建设成现代产业科技示范园区,打造既彰显矿区工业旅游特色,又兼具休闲农业观光功能的新型产业园区,不断改善矿区生态环境。”杨汉宏说。

根据规划,复垦治理土地将打造形成“一心、一带、六区”的示范园区格局。其中,“一心”即园区综合管理服务中心;“一带”即景观大道观光带;“六区”即生态养殖区、果树种植区、设施农业区、林下休闲区、小杂粮种植区和工业旅游区。

这一项目由准格尔旗政府与神华准能集团合作建设,双方已设立准格尔政能农牧业开发有限公司,其中准格尔旗政府持股51%,神华准能集团持股49%。目前项目已开工建设。秦泰表示,项目的实施,将在改良土壤、涵养水源、防风固沙等方面取得显著效果,将成为鄂尔多斯地区的一条绿色屏障,减轻水土流失,保护水源,降低空气污染指数,调节气候,使农业生态环境得到改善,实现可持续发展。

“在不久的将来,荒凉的‘古陆荒原’将被开发成为气势恢宏的‘人造草原’,大片的平原将呈现万物葱茏、良田万顷的美景。”杨汉宏说。

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