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“临时工”缘何屡成“背锅侠”

2017-08-15 04:27:21   中国青年网

2016年5月,贵州省凯里市一名身着“行政执法”字样背心的男子用塑料凳砸女水果商贩头部,在将其打倒在地后持续殴打。事后凯里市公安局称,涉嫌打人者为十字街道办事处聘用人员。

……

屡屡被曝光的负面新闻,也让一些地方和部门意识到,“临时工”的使用必须有所规范和约束。

记者发现,近几年,已有多地对“执法临时工”进行了专项清理。

2015年,辽宁省开展优化经济发展软环境执法专项检查,对全省行政执法主体进行清理,再次明确执法资格,清退不合法的“执法临时工”“合同工”。

2016年12月底,广西壮族自治区法制办发布消息称,全区行政执法人员专项清理行动中,两万多人被清出执法队伍,行政执法人员不再有“临时工”。

自2016年3月15日至今年1月,山东省对行政执法人员进行了专项清理,共清理不符合条件的行政执法人员3万多人。同时明确,凡未经审核确认的行政执法人员,一律不得从事行政执法活动。

与专项清理行动相比,《河南省行政执法证件管理办法》因为将取消“临时工”行政执法权纳入法治轨道,而备受舆论关注。

立法明确“临时工”法律地位

在专家看来,河南省取消“临时工”行政执法权的做法,是对现行法律的进一步明确——“临时工”没有执法权。

“执行国家法律的人员没有‘临时工’,换句话说,‘临时工’没有法律地位、没有执法权。”王磊指出。

在黄锫看来,“临时工”虽然能解决执法资源与执法任务不匹配的问题,但也因为没有执法权而处于一个尴尬的境地。因此,对于“临时工”的管理,也不能“一刀切”。

“‘一刀切’禁止‘临时工’参与任何执法活动,会与执法实际冲突,最终可能变成阳奉阴违的一纸空文。应仔细研究执法过程,禁止‘临时工’参与直接影响社会主体权益的执法活动,如处罚、强制等。但是对于其他对权益没有直接重大影响的执法活动,如巡查发现违法行为、贴处罚告知书等,可以聘用‘临时工’,但应建立相应的制度,由正式执法人员对其严格监管,一旦出现违法执法,应承担相应责任。”黄锫建议。

浙江财经大学法学院副教授李春燕指出,“临时工”之所以屡屡进入公众视野,主要存在两方面原因:执法资源不足,使得行政执法单位不得不使用“临时工”;所属行政机关和执法人员怕承担法律责任,提前想好退路。

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