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制度设计上增强弹性 共有产权住房能走多远?

2017-08-14 14:13:33   中国青年网

北京市在此次共有产权住房《办法》的征求意见稿中,也提及了和自住型商品房的承接关系,“共有产权住房是对原自住型商品房政策的进一步调整、优化、升级、规范,今后不论从建设品质、管理水平、供应规模上均会进一步提高。”

而与更早期的经济适用房、两限房等保障房相比,共有产权住房的最大区别,在于试图堵住套利漏洞。

自从经济适用房出现后,一直饱受诟病,原因有两个:一是出现了部分“开着宝马住经适房”的现象,在资格审核方面存在寻租空间,最典型的莫过于郑州二七区房管局原局长翟振锋一家,用8个身份证在经适房项目——兰亭名苑小区拥有20套住房。

而比审核疏漏更严重的问题是,随着房价一路上涨,利用保障房谋利的现象比比皆是。

尽管这类保障房也设置了5年的禁售期,但在解禁后,由于有房人已经拥有了完全产权,即使在补缴了土地收益差价后,购房者仍然一倒手就能获得原房价的几倍收益。

“在以往的模式下,如果房子的所有权全都归于购房者,实际上就相当于让这部分购房者占了其他购房者的便宜。”上海金融与法律研究院执行院长傅蔚冈曾撰文称,自从1998年房改以后,各地建设的经济适用房很大程度上都是获得了各种各样的收税减免,但是最后的收益却归于房产所有人,无论是对政府还是对其他纳税人,多少都是不公平的。

“经济适用房由于政策不完备,权利义务关系不对等,在事前审核和事后交易都出现了很多不公平现象。”顾云昌说,最后导致的现象是,“谁买了经济适用房,谁占便宜。”

“在共有产权模式下,由于设置了政府优先回购,即使房屋增值,购房者也只能拿到部分产权的增值收益。而且目前全国一二线城市房价得到平抑,未来两三年会保持价格稳定的走势,甚至可能稳中有降,利用共有产权住房牟利的现象应该很少。”胡景晖对《中国新闻周刊》表示,在现有制度设计上,做了比较多的事前明确和预防手段。

“除了全国通行的经济适用房,北京还自创了两限房、自住型商品房,名目很多,但不够规范。”顾云昌告诉《中国新闻周刊》,过去的保障房,很多权益不够明晰。而共有产权住房,在产权界定方面很清晰,在退出机制,在租金分享和再上市的收益分享划分上也很清楚,“是一种升级版的销售型保障房制度”。

这次能走多远?

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