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蒲江新底牌:“双元制”职业教育

2017-08-14 07:18:49   中国青年网

作为蒲江唯一一家为博世集团做配套的企业,今年5月,刘大勇还有些不太情愿接受这批学生来厂里实训,“觉得麻烦是因为以前来实训的学生,都要厂里师傅从零开始带。”

没想到,这批学生颠覆了刘大勇的印象。“我们给一年级学生一个简单零件,亲眼看着他们画出这个零件的图纸,再独立做出一件复制品。”而二年级学生通过团队合作,更是在一些糖果机零件、医药设备零件上,做出了“博世采购标准级别”的产品。

这 让 刘 大 勇“ 难 以 置信”——按照国内传统的中职教育“三年学习时间线”,到二年级结束,工业机械类学生应该才上完理论课程,还没进入实际操作的学习阶段。

中心主任余代雄分析认为,在工业机械工培养上,国内中职传统教学模式有两个明显问题:学完理论再上手,很多学生上手之时理论知识已忘了大半;同级各班教学计划相同,大量学生同时实操同期需要使用同一类机器设备,分配给每个学生的使用时间就很短;由于实操能力不强,要么对接实训企业困难,要么就是胜任不了岗位。“这就导致了很多学生毕业后还是‘生手’,进入企业后要重新当学徒。”

找到问题,蒲江决意在中职教育教学模式上来一场颠覆性变革。这群能力“让人难以置信”的年轻人,成为这场变革的首批成果。

B

变革

从进校第一天开始就实操

杨龙兴清楚地记得他入学的第一堂课。一进教室,就看到了一个“金属高脚酒杯”。当老师告诉他们,接下来一段时间的学习任务,就是做出这个酒杯时,这个15岁的少年觉得“不可思议”。“直接做?不是先上理论课?”杨龙兴心想。

结果,全班28人都在计划时间里,做出了符合标准的“金属高脚酒杯”。

能力形成的源头,是教学方式的变革——德国AHK“双元制”模式。

2015年9月,中心德国AHK“双元制”首期培训——高级工业机械工培训班开班,学制三年,首期28名学员。此次“德国访学团”共有12名学生,全部来自这个班。

余代雄介绍,德国AHK“双元制”模式大致分为三种:学校、企业全程融合教学模式,跨企业培训中心模式,职业促进中心培训模式。“根据蒲江实际,我们选择了跨企业培训中心模式,即前两年主要在学校和学校的培训基地教学,第三年主要进入企业实训。”

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