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老板电器高增长难持续

2017-08-11 18:06:46   中国经济网

从过往的历史经验来看,在家电行业中,空调、冰洗、彩电等产业均是通过价格战确立寡头垄断格局,而厨电行业会成为例外吗?

新品短期难扛大旗

在厨房三件套逐渐不能支撑起高增长的背景下,老板电器开始拓展新品类,以期高增长神话能够延续下去。

从布局来看,公司新品类仍是主要围绕厨电展开,具体品类包括烤箱、蒸汽炉、微波炉、洗碗机、净水器。从增速来看,这些新品类的数据表现靓丽,前四种产品2017年上半年的增速分别为69.93%、107.37%、48.79%、945.44%,而公司2016年尚未开展净水器业务。

虽然增速靓丽,但各大新品类的绝对销售额并不高,2017年上半年分别为7658万元、8384万元、1459万元、2753万元、1521万元,合计贡献收入2.18亿元,占营业收入的比例只有6.82%,对公司整体业绩的拉动效应非常有限。

而且,老板电器要想在新品类实现像油烟机领域一样的成功恐怕也绝非易事。从行业属性上来看,老板电器在油烟机领域之所以能够取得成功,一方面是因为中式烹饪存在特殊性,“舶来品牌”难免水土不服,因此在油烟机行业鲜见外资品牌竞争;另一方面老板电器具有先发优势,同时管理层也比较优秀。

反观公司涉足的这些新品类,并不存在洋品牌明显水土不服的问题,而且老板电器均不具有先发优势,各细分品类内均具有势力强劲的行业领导者。

其中,洗碗机、净水器是属于近年来增速最快的家电细分子行业,但老板电器不具有先发优势。

来自中怡康的数据显示,洗碗机市场,西门子和方太处于线下领导地位,2016年,线下市场零售额份额分别为56.4%、33.4%;西门子和美的集团处于线上领导地位,2016年线上市场零售额份额分别为55.3%、19.4%。

净水设备市场,A.O.史密斯和美的集团处于线下领导地位,2016年,线下市场零售额份额分别为24.4%、22.3%;沁园和美的集团处于线上市场领导地位,2016年,线上市场零售额份额分别为20.1%、12.6%。

烤箱、蒸汽炉、微波炉市场则属于增速缓慢的细分子行业,在这几个子行业中,格兰仕、美的集团等企业处于领导地位,老板电器同样不具有先发优势。

《证券市场周刊》记者注意到,老板电器2017年中报没有披露这些新品类的毛利率,不过剔除掉油烟机和燃气灶之后,据本刊记者计算,其余所有产品的综合毛利率为41.37%,明显不及油烟机和燃气灶。

除了经营层面以外,本刊记者还注意到,2017年上半年末,公司其他应付款环比年初大增182.63%至6.67亿元,其中应付费用高达4.58亿元,而年初为零。如果上市公司不能给出合理解释,那么恐怕存在利用费用调节利润之嫌,这或许也从侧面反映出, 公司对未来的高增长已经不是那么有信心了。

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