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生辰纲案:在公权私用中迷失

2017-08-11 09:39:12   中国青年网

“诸率敛所监临财物馈遗人者,虽不入己,以受所监临财物论。”意思是,带头聚敛他人财物,馈赠他人,虽然不归自己所有,也要按照“受所监临财物”处理。这也就难怪晁盖、吴用等人,理直气壮、想当然地把它定义为“不义之财”了。

再有,梁中书指派杨志护送“生辰纲”,这一做法本身也是有问题的,说白了,他这是公权私用,利用手中职权指使下属为自己干“私活”。对此,宋代有专门的法条予以规制。同样,按照“所受监临赃条”:

“诸监临之官私役使所监临,及借奴婢、牛马驼骡驴、车船、碾、邸店之类,各计庸赁,以受所监临财物论。……若有吉凶,借使所监临者,不得过二十人,人不得过五日。其于亲属,虽过限及受馈乞贷,皆勿论。营公廨借使者,计庸赁坐赃论,减二等,即因市易剩利及悬欠者,亦如之。”

意思是,身为主管官员,因私使用所属人员,或从自己管辖的部门借用奴婢、车船牛马等公共物品,各按雇佣、租赁的方式来计价,按照其接受主管财物论罪。如果官员家中,有婚丧嫁娶等红白事务,可以准许借使其管辖的人员,但总数不能超过二十人,每人不能超过五天,官员亲属则不受此限制,不计算在此二十人中。即便官员想改善办公环境,役使下属建造办公房舍,也要各计工值、租金,以赃论罪。或者,官员为盖办公用房从事经营行为获利或有所亏欠而不按时偿还,也要计算利润或负债额度,以赃论罪。由此,梁中书指派杨志押送“生辰纲”的行为,本身就是违法的行为,其性质属于“监临之官私役使所监临”。

综上,无论是那十万贯“生辰纲”,还是梁中书的“委托”行为,均触法或被制度明令禁止。而曾做过殿帅府制使、具有公务人员履历的杨志,对此不仅毫无认知和体察,却因为没有兑现自己当初向梁中书的承诺,竟心存轻生的念头,要“撩衣破步,望着黄泥冈下便跳”。这一幕,实在有令人啼笑皆非之感。

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