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先天性心脏病95%以上可治愈

2017-08-11 03:53:29   中国青年网

对于先天性心脏病而言,重要的是如何去发现,只有发现了疾病,才谈得上及时治疗。据雷宾峰博士介绍,青紫是先天性心脏病患者较为突出的表现之一。患儿在出生后持续存在,出生后3~4个月特征逐渐明显,患儿的指甲、口唇、鼻尖最为显著。对于潜伏青紫型心脏病如室间隔缺损、房间隔缺损、动脉导管未闭等,患儿平时没有青紫症状发生,只有在活动、哭闹、屏气或者是患肺炎时,才会有青紫症状发生。

另外,还有一些症状可以帮助父母发现孩子可能患有先天性先脏病,比如经常感冒、反复呼吸道感染,易患肺炎;生长发育迟缓、消瘦、多汗;吃奶时吸吮无力、喂奶困难,或婴儿拒食、呛咳,平时呼吸急促;儿童诉说易疲乏、体力差;口唇、指甲青紫或者哭闹、活动后青紫,杵状指趾(甲床如铁杵一样隆起);经常蹲踞、晕厥、咯血;听诊发现心脏有杂音。

“通过症状可以初步判断是先天性心脏病,确诊,还需要做进一步的检查。”雷宾峰博士表示,几乎每个病人都要做心脏彩超,通过心脏彩超可以发现绝大多数的先天性心脏病,对于先心病的诊断具有不可替代的作用。现在还有三维超声,观察起来更立体、更直观一些,方便某些疾病的诊断。还可以通过心脏大血管CT及磁共振检查来进一步确诊。

“简单的先天性心脏病我们做心脏彩超就可以了,复杂的先心病我们还需要结合心脏CT检查才能够得到更完善准确的诊断。”雷宾峰博士指出,现在还有CT设备可以进行三维重建,心胸外科医生可以在手术前直观地看到心脏的形态,就像已经开胸直接看到心脏一样,这样对于医生制定手术方案有更好的帮助。

03

先心病并不是不治之症 早发现、早治疗非常关键

至今,还有不少家长以为先天性心脏病就是绝症,做了手术效果也不好,还不如不治。因此,很多家长在做了一次检查之后就放弃了对孩子的治疗。实际上,心脏外科是十几年来医学上发展较快的学科,治疗先心病的技术取得了飞快提高,95%以上的先心病都可以治愈,手术后孩子完全可以像正常孩子一样,而且不会遗传,对后代没有影响。

另外,相比于担心手术风险,其实真正让先心病成为噩梦的是家长对先心病治疗时期的误区。有人认为孩子年龄太小,体质弱、抵抗力差,经不起手术折腾,想等孩子年龄大些、身体壮实些再进行手术。殊不知,很多患儿就是因为时间一拖再拖,最终错过了手术的最佳时机,造成终身遗憾。

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