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穿不好鞋小心足跟痛

2017-08-09 04:03:53   中国青年网

治疗足跟痛 不等于切除骨刺

因为导致足跟痛的因素和疾病非常多,发现足跟痛时,首先需要寻求专业医生的诊治,确定病因,才能予以正确治疗。切不可盲目按摩、泡脚和服用药物。

“在跟痛症的治疗方面,很多患者是存在误区的。”谢鸣主任说,在临床中,足踝外科经常会接收到因为不当治疗导致跟痛症加重甚至引发其他疾病的患者。

足底筋膜炎引起的跟痛症患者,X光片检查通常可能发现骨刺。“很多患者发现自己长了一个骨刺,第一想法就是怎么消除,听信偏方,自己吃药、泡脚,或者要求手术消除,这都是不治本的。”谢鸣主任解释,骨刺生长的原因是筋膜发炎,不解决筋膜反复发炎,骨刺也会反复生长。

此外,谢鸣主任强调,其实并不是所有的骨刺都需要清除掉。“垂直型的骨刺,走路时会压迫刺激到足跟,导致疼痛,这种在炎症控制后可以手术消除。而平行生长的骨刺,如果不发炎、不疼痛,则不需要处理。“

目前在中老年人中流行走鹅卵石路锻炼足部。但在谢鸣看来,这并不可取。在足底筋膜没有发炎的时候,适当的走走鹅卵石路确实可以起到锻炼作用,但是千万不能暴走。“暴走等过度锻炼就是导致跟痛症的原因之一,尤其是不平整的路面。”谢鸣说,“在炎症急性发作期,要限制行动,减轻足部压力;也不要自行按摩或者热水泡脚,这些都会加重炎症反应使疼痛加剧。“

不少患者在疼痛难忍时,会选择打封闭针。谢鸣说,临床研究显示,打封闭针虽然能暂时消除疼痛,但这种治疗方式本质上是使发炎的组织失去活性、钙化,容易引起跟腱断裂。目前国际上比较新颖的治疗方式是PRP(血小板富集血浆)注射治疗。这种常用于美容行业的治疗方式,通过患者自体血液的注射,能有效消除炎症因子,活化变性的组织。

三个动作预防足跟痛

跟痛症虽然在中老年人中比较常见,但并非不能预防和缓解。

谢鸣建议,在足跟痛非发作期,可以用一抓二搓三踮脚的方式有效锻炼足部肌肉和筋膜,防止老化。

抓,是指每天洗脚时,在脚盆中放上一条毛巾,然后在水中尝试用脚趾头抓起、放下毛巾,以锻炼足底肌肉的活性。洗脚时完成这个动作10-20次即可。

搓,需要准备两个网球或者擀面杖。在洗完脚之后,立刻用用球或者擀面杖,沿着足底筋膜的方向进行滚动揉搓,动作稍慢,让足底肌肉和筋膜充分放松。滚动十多分钟即可。

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