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为你朗读 ▏斯雄《大通记》

2017-08-07 18:31:02   央广网

能够被当年的西方列强觊觎,可见大通为繁盛商埠,所言不虚。只不过大通被写进《中英烟台条约》,并不是作为通常意义上的通商口岸,只是作为“寄航港”而已。

大通及和悦洲的繁华发端于清乾嘉之际的盐务,其发展的鼎盛时期是在上世纪二、三十年代。和悦洲设有大小江轮码头,江面江轮来往穿梭,运送旅客和货物,大轮上达武汉、下抵上海,小轮上至安庆、下通芜湖。弹丸之地的和悦洲,是皖南山区农副产品、生产生活资料的集散地,又是上海、武汉等大中城市重要的贸易中转站,汇聚八方来客,广纳四海财富。至一九三零年,和悦洲已拥有多家码头、银楼及十多家正规旅社、七家澡堂、两家戏园,还有火力发电厂、学校、报馆、教会、寺庙等。“三教九流”亦纷至沓来,赌场、烟馆、妓院等随之应需而生。市面商店密布,房屋鳞次栉比,行人络绎不绝,经济、文化异常活跃;入夜后,更是一座灯火辉煌、灯红酒绿的“不夜城”——两平方公里的面积,人口达十万人,人口密度比现在香港岛的密度还高─被誉为“小上海”,可谓名副其实。

上海作为远东第一大都市,近代以来,有“东方巴黎”之称。那个时候,国内稍微繁华一点儿的商埠,都以被冠之“小上海”为荣。

既然是“小上海”,被称为“花花世界”,有那么多生意可做,又有那么多诱人的都市风情和景致,令人神往和受用,是一定的。

可为何突然冒出“十不舍”呢?

打破大通宁静与安逸的罪魁祸首,是日本侵华:

一九三八年五月十九日,侵华日军攻陷徐州,并沿陇海线西犯,郑州危急,武汉震动。六月九日,为阻止日军西进,国民政府采取 “以水代兵”的办法,下令扒开位于河南郑州北郊十七公里处的黄河南岸渡口—花园口。日军西进、南下之路被洪水堵死,放弃从平汉线进攻武汉的计划,退守徐州后,南下蚌埠,过淮河,与驻扎合肥的日军其他部队会合,改从长江北岸进攻武汉。正处鼎盛时期的大通,成了日军西进武汉急需迈过的一道屏障。六月下旬开始,日军连续派飞机对大通狂轰乱炸,加之当时的国民政府实行 “焦土抗战”,整个大通与和悦洲闹市,倾为废墟。

鹊江两岸的商户居民纷纷跑反,背井离乡,呼天抢地,大通及和悦洲几成空城,遍地瓦砾。

是啊!忍看繁华的“小上海”化为乌有,令人扼腕。对故园的恋恋不舍与无力挽救的无奈,缱绻之情,怎能不让跑反的人们感慨万端、悲从中来?

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